British Troops in Egypt
British Troops in Egypt | |
---|---|
Active | 1882–1956 |
Country | Command |
Garrison/HQ | Cairo |
British Troops in Egypt was a
History
A British Army commander was appointed in the late 19th century after the
HQ BTE occupied a garrison role while the
After the Second World War anti-British resentment escalated and there was rioting in Egyptian streets in February 1946.[1] British troops left Egypt in June 1956 shortly before the Suez Crisis.[6]
It is reported that in December 1945 Major General Lashmer Whistler, GOC 3rd Division, became GOC British Troops in Egypt and shortly after ceased to be a member of the 3rd Division. Whistler's rank of major general was made substantive in February 1947, with seniority backdated to April 1946.[7]
The Egyptian
Commanders
Commanders of the British Army of Occupation in Cairo included:
- May 1883–January 1888 General Sir Frederick Stephenson
- January 1888–December 1890 Major-General the Hon. Sir James Dormer[10]
- December 1890–October 1895 Major-General Sir Frederick Forestier-Walker
- October 1895–July 1897 Major-General Charles B. Knowles
- July 1897–January 1899 General Sir Francis Grenfell
Later commanders included:[11]
- 1899–1903 Major-General Sir Reginald Talbot
- 1903–1905 Major-General John Slade, commanded British troops in Egypt[12]
- 1905–1908 Major-General George Bullock
- 1908–1912 Major-General Sir John Maxwell
- 1912–1914 Major-General Julian Byng
- 1914–1915 Lieutenant-General Sir John Maxwell
- 1915–1916 General Sir Charles Monro
- 1916–1917 Lieutenant-General Sir Archibald Murray
- 1917–1919 Field-Marshal Viscount Allenby
- 1919–1923 Lieutenant-General Sir Walter Congreve
- 1923–1927 General Sir Richard Haking
- 1927–1931 General Sir Peter Strickland
- 1931–1934 General Sir John Burnett-Stuart
- 1934–1938 General Sir George Weir
- 1938–1939 Lieutenant-General Sir Robert Gordon-Finlayson
- 1939–1941 Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Maitland Wilson
- 1941–1941 Lieutenant-General Sir Richard O'Connor
- 1941–1941 Lieutenant-General Sir James Marshall-Cornwall
- 1941–1942 Lieutenant-General William Holmes
- 1942–1944 Lieutenant-General Robert Stone
- 1944–1948 Lieutenant-General Sir Charles Allfrey
- 1948–1949 Lieutenant-General Richard Gale
- 1949–1952 Lieutenant-General Sir George Erskine
- 1952–1954 Lieutenant-General Sir Francis Festing
- 1954–1956 Lieutenant-General Sir Richard Hull
See also
- Green Island (Egypt) - fortification possibly built by HQ BTE
- Maadi Camp
References
- ^ a b c d "British Troops in Egypt 1930 – 45". British Military History. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- ^ Playfair, The Mediterranean and Middle East.
- ^ Joslen 1990, p. 186
- ^ a b Joslen 1990, p. 173
- ^ Joslen 1990, p. 187
- ^ "The Suez Crisis". BBC. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
- ^ "No. 37880". The London Gazette (Supplement). 1947-02-11. p. 750.
- ^ Butler 2002, p. 112.
- ^ "Suez Canal Zone". Retrieved 2021-03-26.; see also Reed, J. "A History of the British Army in Egypt 1950-56". the Imperial War Museum.
- ^ "Men of Harlech". A Newspaper for the Men of the Welsh Regiment. 14 June 1893. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
- ^ "Army Commands" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 July 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
- ^ "Major-General Sir John Slade". The Sydney Morning Herald. 6 September 1913. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
Bibliography
- Butler, L. J. (2002). Britain and Empire : adjusting to a post-imperial world. I.B. Taurus. OCLC 1200286507.
- Joslen, Lt-Col H.F. (1990) [1st. Pub. ISBN 0-948130-03-2.
- Mason, Michael. "Killing Time: The British Army and its Antagonists in Egypt, 1945–1954." War & Society 12, no. 2 (1994): 103-126.
- Steven Morewood, The British Defence of Egypt, 1935-1940: Conflict and Crisis in the Eastern Mediterranean Frank Cass, 2005 - History - 274 pages. Notes that the British Cabinet created a Middle East Reserve on 22 February 1939 (p. 125), to consist of one colonial division and to come under the command of GOC.-in-C. BTE.
- Stevens, Major-General W. G. Problems of 2 NZEF, Historical Publications Branch, 1958, Wellington, Maadi Camp, one of the enormous number of rear base areas HQ BTE supervised during the Second World War.
External links
- Niehorster, British Troops in Egypt, 3 September 1939
- British troops in Egypt British Military History Series