Calotriton

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Calotriton
Pyrenean brook newt (
Calotriton asper
)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Urodela
Family: Salamandridae
Subfamily: Pleurodelinae
Genus: Calotriton
Gray, 1858
Type species
Hemitriton punctulatus
, 1852
Diversity
2 species (see text)

Calotriton, or the European brook newts, is a genus of

sister taxon.[1][2]

Evolution

Calotriton and Triturus are estimated to have split approximately 8

myr ago. This may have been associated with adaptation to fast-running, well-oxygenated mountain streams (instead of ponds in Triturus), leading to some superficial similarity with Euproctus in convergent evolution: strongly depressed head and body, and reduction or even absence of lungs.[3]

Description

Calotriton are small- to medium-sized newts, 70–167 mm (2.8–6.6 in) in total length. Skin is covered with tubercles bearing horny tips, more so above than beneath, which can be completely smooth. Limbs are moderate, with four fingers and five toes. Body is rounded or slightly depressed. There is no cutaneous dorsal and caudal crest, not even during the breeding season. Tail is about as long as head and body and compressed from side; longer in females and deeper in males. Lungs are absent or very reduced.[3]

Species

There are two species:[1][4]

Image Scientific name Common Name Distribution
Calotriton arnoldi
 Carranza & Amat, 2005		 Montseny brook newt Montseny Massif (Catalan Pre-Coastal Range) in northeast Spain
Calotriton asper
 (Dugès, 1852)		 Pyrenean brook newt (formerly Euproctus asper) the Pyrenees of Andorra, France, and Spain

References

  1. ^ a b Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Calotriton Gray, 1858". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
  2. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1858.tb06357.x
    .
  3. ^
    doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00197.x
    .
  4. ^ "Salamandridae". AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2015. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
  • Andreas Nöllert & Christel Nöllert: Die Amphibien Europas. – Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart, 1992.
    ISBN 3-440-06340-2

External links

Media related to Calotriton at Wikimedia Commons

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