Clinoptilolite

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Clinoptilolite
Mohs scale hardness
3.5–4
LusterVitreous
References[2][3][4]

Clinoptilolite is a natural

San Bernardino County, California. Sodium levels in clinoptilolite are generally higher than potassium levels, as is the case with the San Bernardino Barstow Formation, but there are sources that are potassium-rich and have minimal sodium.[5]

It forms a series with heulandite:

  • Clinoptilolite-Ca – heulandite-Ca solid solution series
  • Clinoptilolite-K – heulandite-K solid solution series
  • Clinoptilolite-Na – heulandite-Na solid solution series

Use of clinoptilolite in industry and academia focuses on its ion exchange properties having a strong exchange affinity for ammonium (NH4+). A typical example of this is in its use as an enzyme-based urea sensor.[6]

The name is derived from the Greek words klino (κλίνω; "oblique"), ptylon (φτερών; "feather"), and lithos (λίθος; "stone").

Use

Clinoptilolite has many applications due to its effect as a molecular sieve, among others as an additive for building materials, as aggregate in horticulture, as an additive to cattle feed, as an additive in household products, as a desiccant, and in environmental technology.

Clinoptilolite was used on a large scale in the

cesium as an ion exchanger in the digestive tract.[7]

Clinoptilolite is marketed within the EU as

Novel Food Regulation. In Germany, it was therefore registered in December 2011 by the Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety under the rapid alert number "2011/1849" as an unauthorized novel food ingredient in food supplements.[8]

Clinoptinolite of sedimentary origin may be used as a "technological" additive in animal feed. It then has the function of binder. The European Commission authorized clinoptinolite in animal nutrition for all animal species in 2013.[9] Only clinoptinolite of sedimentary origin is allowed.

See also

References

  1. S2CID 235729616
    .
  2. ^ Webmineral data
  3. ^ Mindat with location data
  4. ^ Smyth, J.R.; Spaid, A.T.; Bish, D.L. (1990). "Crystal structures of a natural and a Cs-exchanged clinoptilolite natural sample". American Mineralogist. 75: 522–528.
  5. ^ Sheppard and Gude (1969). "Geological Survey Professional Paper 634: Diagenesis of Tuffs in the Barstow Formation, Mud Hills, San Bernardino County, California" (PDF). USGS. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-02-02.
  6. ISSN 0928-4931
    .
  7. ^ Institut für Geologie der Uni Bern: Zeolithe – Entstehung und Vorkommen. Fallbeispiel Tschernobyl (PDF, 7 MB)
  8. ^ Pharmazeutische Zeitung online: Klinoptilolith. Remedy or humbug?
  9. ^ Commission Implementing Regulation (EU). No 651/2013 of 9 July 2013

10. Kautsky, Mark. June 1984. Sorption of Cesium and Strontium by Arid Region Desert Soil. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, Mackay School of Mines, University of Nevada, Reno.

External links


Stub icon

This article about a specific silicate mineral is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clinoptilolite&oldid=1193447662"