Council of Bari

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St Anselm speaking before the council, from a 19th-century stained-glass window in Quimper Cathedral in Brittany
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The Council of Bari was convened and presided over by Pope Urban II in Bari, Italy, in October 1098[1] during the First Crusade. It was attended by 185 bishops,[1] both Catholic and Orthodox.

Council

The official record of its acts has been lost, but has been partially reconstructed from other records.

Nicene Creed's account of the procession of the Holy Spirit.[2][1] The council also condemned William II of England, who had forced Anselm, the reforming archbishop of Canterbury, into exile. Eadmer credited Anselm with restraining the pope from excommunicating him,[3] although others attribute Urban's politic nature.[4]

No high-profile Orthodox theologians of the time, such as Theophylact of Ohrid, seem to have been present.

Results

The council was dominated by its Catholic members and anathematized those who disagreed with Anselm's positions on the filioque and the use of unleavened bread in the Eucharist.[5] It had no effect on the reuniting of the Greek and Roman churches, but appears to have successfully standardized church practice in the Norman lands of southern Italy.

See also

Notes

  1. De Processione Spiritus Sancti.[2]

References

Citations

  1. ^
    ISBN 978-1-136-21278-9
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  2. ^ a b c Fortescue (1907), p. 203.
  3. ^ Southern (1990), p. 279.
  4. ^ "Anselm" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. II (9th ed.). 1878. pp. 91–93.
  5. ^ Fleury, p. 625.

Bibliography

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