Culturology

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Culturology or the science of culture is a branch of the

social sciences concerned with the scientific understanding, description, analysis, and prediction of cultures as a whole. While ethnology and anthropology studied different cultural practices, such studies included diverse aspects: sociological, psychological, etc., and the need was recognized [by whom?] for a discipline focused exclusively on cultural aspects.[1]

In Russia

The notion of culturology (

Marxist
socio-political approach to culture.

Between 1980 and 1990, culturology received official recognition in Russia and was legalized as a form of science and a subject of study for institutions of higher learning. After the

higher education and in secondary schools.[3] Defined as the study of human cultures, their integral systems, and their influence on human behavior, it may be formally compared to the Western discipline of cultural studies
, although it has a number of important distinctions.

Over past decades the following basic cultural schools were formed:

  • philosophy of culture (A. Arnold, G. V. Drach, N. S.  Zlobin, M. S. Kagan, V. M. Mezhuyev, Y. N. Solonin, M. B. Turov and others)
  • theory of culture (B. S. Yerasov, A. S. Karmin, V. A. Lukov, A. A. Pelipenko, E. V Sokolov, A. Ya. Fliyer and others),
  • cultural history (S. N. Ikonnikova, I. V. Kondakov, E. A. Shulepova, I. G. Yakovenko and others),
  • sociology of culture (I. Akhiezer, L. G. Ionin, L. N. Kogan, A. I. Shendrik and others),
  • cultural anthropology (A. A. Belik, Ye. A. Orlova, A. S. Orlov-Kretschmer, Yu. M.. Reznik and others),
  • applied cultural studies (O. Astaf'eva, I. M. Bykhovskaya and others),
  • cultural studies art (K. E. Razlogov, N. A. Hrenov and others),
  • semiotics of culture (Juri Lotman, V. N. Toporov, V. V. Ivanov, E. M. Meletinsky and others),
  • cultural education (G. I. Zvereva, A. I. Kravchenko, T. F. Kuznetsova, L. M. Mosolova and others).[citation needed]

From 1992, research was started by the Russian Institute for Cultural Research. Today, along the line of the central office located in Moscow, three branches of RIC have been opened – Siberian (opened in 1993 in Omsk), St. Petersburg Department (opened in 1997) and the Southern Branch (opened in 2012 in Krasnodar).

Culturology studies at Moscow Lomonosov University

In 1990, at the faculty of philosophy, a chair of the history and theory of world culture was created. Many prominent Soviet and Russian scholars like V. V. Ivanov, S. S. Averintsev, A. Y. Gurevich, M. L. Gasparov, G. S. Knabe, E. M. Miletinskiy, V. N. Romanov, T. V. Vasilyeva, N. V. Braginskaya, V. V. Bibikhin, Alexander Dobrokhotov have worked there.[4]

Moscow Lomonosov University. Rozhdestvensky's approach to the development of culture (accumulation and mutual influence of layers) can be compared to the approach used in media ecology.[citation needed
]

Other uses

In Anglophone contemporary

social sciences the word culturology was coined by American anthropologist Leslie White, who defined it as a field of science dedicated to the study of culture and cultural systems.[5][6] White notices that culturology was earlier known as "science of culture" as defined by English anthropologist Edward Burnett Tylor in his book 1872 Primitive Culture.[1] White also notices that he introduced this term in 1939 and for the first time the term appeared in English dictionaries in 1954. He also remarks that the corresponding German term Kulturwissenschaft was introduced by Wilhelm Ostwald in 1909.[1]

Following White, philosopher of science

political ideology of cultures. By contrast, "diachronic culturology" is a component of history. According to Bunge, "scientific culturology" also differs from traditional cultural studies as the latter are often the work of idealist literary critics or pseudo-philosophers ignorant of the scientific method and incompetent in the study of social facts and concrete social systems.[7]

Bunge's systemic and materialist approach to the study of culture has given birth to a variety of new fields of research in the

systemism, and emergent materialism.[9] International political culturology is being studied by scholars around the world.[10][11]

See also

References

  1. ^
    S2CID 239772878
    .
  2. ^ Mikhail Epstein, Transcultural Experiments: Russian and American Models of Creative Communication. New York: St. Martin's Press (Scholarly and Reference Division), 1999, Chapter 1: From Culturology to Transculture
  3. ^ specialties Archived 2007-04-07 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
  4. ^ "Философский факультет". Archived from the original on 2015-09-07. Retrieved 2015-08-26.
  5. ^ White, L. (1959). The Evolution of Culture: The Development of Civilization to the Fall of Rome. McGraw-Hill, New York.
  6. ^ White, Leslie, (1975) "The Concept of Cultural Systems: A Key to Understanding Tribes and Nations, Columbia University, New York
  7. ^ Bunge, Mario, (1998) Social Science Under Debate, Toronto: University of Toronto Press
  8. ^ "CULTUROLOGY - Definition - A Scientific Approach to the Study of Culture". culturologia.webnode.com. Retrieved 2021-09-22.
  9. ^ Bunge, Mario, (2009) Political Philosophy - Fact, Fiction and Vision, Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick
  10. ^ Xintian, Yu (2005) "Cultural Factors In International Relations", Chinese Philosophical Studies. Archived 2010-04-10 at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^ Xintian, Yu (2009),"Combining Research on Cultural Theory and International Relations"

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Culturology&oldid=1220933296"