Cyan Worlds

Coordinates: 47°47′27″N 117°21′15″W / 47.7907°N 117.3542°W / 47.7907; -117.3542
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For the telecommunications company Cyan, Inc. that was acquired by Ciena, see Ciena.

Cyan Worlds, Inc.
ProductsThe Manhole
Cosmic Osmo and the Worlds Beyond the Mackerel
Spelunx
Myst series
Obduction
Firmament
SubsidiariesCyan Ventures
Websitecyan.com Edit this at Wikidata

Cyan, Inc., also known as Cyan Worlds, Inc., is an American video game developer and publisher based in Mead, Washington. Founded as Cyan Productions by brothers Rand and Robyn Miller in 1987, the company created the Myst series.

best-selling PC game ever made when it was released in 1993, and remained so for several years afterwards. It spawned several sequels, including Riven and the massively multiplayer online adventure Myst Online: Uru Live. Before Myst, the company created children's games such as The Manhole. In 2016, they released the Kickstarter-funded game Obduction and in 2023, they released Firmament
, also funded with Kickstarter.

As of 2024, Cyan is the oldest surviving independent game studio in the United States.[1]

History

Cyan Worlds front entrance

Pre-Myst (1987–1992)

Cyan was founded in 1987 by brothers

Hypercard development program which allowed them to mix their talents together.[2] Cyan originally produced adventure games for children. The company's early titles, The Manhole (1988), Cosmic Osmo and the Worlds Beyond the Mackerel (1989) and Spelunx (1991) were whimsical fantasy adventures for a young audience. The games offered numerous graphical screens with puzzles, mini-games and activities. Some of these titles were early forays of Cyan into both construction of interactive worlds using HyperCard and the CD-ROM medium, both of which would later be used for Myst
.

Myst, Riven and sequels (1993–2004)

In 1993, Cyan shot to worldwide fame with the release of Myst, a 3D pre-rendered adventure game aimed at an older audience unlike their previous games. Myst was one of the earliest CD-ROM games during a time when CD-ROM drives were beginning to become mainstream. The title sold more than six million copies[3] and was the best-selling PC game ever, until The Sims exceeded Myst sales in 2002.[4]

With the revenue from Myst, Cyan quickly moved to a new headquarters to accommodate a bigger staff, where they remain today. During this time, three novels set in the Myst universe were co-authored by the Millers and David Wingrove. The sequel to Myst, Riven, was released in 1997. After its release, Robyn opted to leave Cyan to pursue other interests, primarily working on independent film production.[2] In a 1999 interview, Robyn stated that the reason for his departure was that "Two people can't pilot a ship – someone must be in charge...The parting gave us each a ship."[5]

The next eight years saw a huge amount of expansion in the Myst franchise, both from within and outside of Cyan. While the publishing rights were transferred from

realMyst in 2000, a complete recreation of the original Myst game. At the same time, the next Myst game, Myst III: Exile, was developed by Presto Studios and published by Ubisoft
, and released in 2001.

In 2003, Cyan announced that their multiplayer adventure, Uru, formerly known under the working titles DIRT ("

Uru Live had a short beta test
, but was cancelled before being officially released.

Uru and the return of Uru Live (2004–2007)

Cyan Worlds logo (2003 – June 2013)

In 2004, Cyan released two

Turner Broadcasting. Prior to this, the company was working on an as yet unannounced project (reportedly named Latus by Richard A. Watson) and negotiating with an undisclosed publisher, but its status is now unclear, though Rand Miller made mention of it in August 2011 and confirmed its name as Latus.[8]

After

Untìl Uru in late 2004, a modified version of the client and server software of Live. This version of the game was unsupported – servers were owned and operated by fans, and no new content was provided. Later, through funding by GameTap
, Cyan managed to offer the "D'mala" shard, an official game server. Fans also began developing new content for the game, in an unofficial context.

In 2006, Rand Miller announced that Uru Live would return in full capacity using GameTap-hosted servers and funding. Cyan staff were re-hired and production of new Uru content began.[9]

Additional releases

On November 30, 2007, Cyan released

Cosmic Osmo
character after 15 years.

In August 2009, it was announced that Cyan Worlds would be working with

MagiQuest Online makes use of the Plasma engine used in Myst Online: Uru Live
.

The decline of the Uru era (2007–2011)

Myst Online: Uru Live launched officially on GameTap on February 15, 2007, after being available through GameTap as an open beta for a few months. This was the most successful incarnation of Uru, finally achieving the original goal of supported online play, with ongoing content releases. Despite this success, GameTap announced on February 4, 2008, that it would be closing Uru Live. Game servers remained online for 60 days following, and were finally shut down on April 10, 2008.

On June 30, 2008, it was announced that Cyan Worlds had regained the rights to Uru, and had plans to relaunch it under the name Myst Online: Restoration Experiment. Cyan no longer has funds available for further development on the game, and instead intends to release the code for the servers, client and tools as open-source software,[11] and rely on user-generated content for expansion.

In November 2008, "Cyan Test" (a third "Cyan" company created to provide testing services) laid off about 50 game testers. The layoffs came as a result of the acquisition of their primary customer

Gamecock Media.[12]

In February 2010, Cyan took steps towards opening up Uru, with the launch of a new Myst Online: Uru Live server (dubbed "MOULagain" by fans) with access to all of the Ages of Uru. They made the client software available free of charge and began accepting donations.[13] As of April 2014, over 128,000 accounts had been created.[14]

On April 6, 2011, Cyan released the source code to the URU client as well its development tools.[15]

Obduction (2013–2018)

Main article: Obduction (video game)

On October 17, 2013, Rand Miller announced a new video game designed as a spiritual successor to Myst and Riven called

OS X, and later for Oculus Rift.[20] Obduction received favorable reviews from critics, comparing as a worthy successor to Cyan's Myst games.[21][22]

Firmament (2018–2023)

Main article: Firmament (video game)

On March 1, 2018, Cyan announced Firmament, which they described as "a new VR experience", though will also be available for standard displays. Like Obduction, Cyan launched a Kickstarter on March 26, 2018 to raise funding for the game.[23][24][25] The Kickstarter was successful, securing versions of the game for Microsoft Windows, macOS, and PlayStation 4/PlayStation VR systems. Firmament was released on May 18, 2023.[26][27]

Remakes and re-releases (2018–present)

On April 9, 2018, to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the original Myst, Cyan announced via Kickstarter that they had acquired the legal rights to Exile and Revelation and were re-releasing the entire series, including the complete Uru and realMyst: Masterpiece Edition, on both DVD-ROM and digital download on GOG.com and Steam. Cyan has also worked with GOG.com to upgrade all of the games in the franchise to full compatibility with modern Windows operating systems. The Kickstarter campaign included a number of specific perks (such as a "working" Myst Linking Book with LED screen as the box for the physical copies of the games) for the anniversary editions, which would ship in November 2018. The pledged goal for the Kickstarter campaign was US$247,500 before May 24; this initial goal was attained within eight hours, and within two weeks, the amount of donations exceeded $1 million. The campaign closed on May 24 at $2,810,127, over 1100% of the pledged goal, with 19,304 backers.[28] Exile and Revelation, along with updated versions of the other games of the series, appeared on GOG.com and Steam in Summer/Fall 2018.[29]

On September 16, 2020, Cyan announced Myst, a VR remake which they described as "the definitive version" of the original game, though it will also be available for standard displays. Myst uses

timed exclusive for the Oculus Quest December 10, 2020, followed by a Windows, macOS, Xbox Series X/S and Xbox One version on August 26, 2021.[30][31][32]

Cyan let go of about twelve employees, roughly half of its staff, by the end of March 2025 due to the costs of development.[33]

Technology

Main article: Plasma (game engine)

Games developed

D'ni universe

Most of Cyan's titles (those in the

The Book of D'ni
. (Due to not being developed in-house by Cyan, Exile and Revelation were not included in this list.)

Title Release year Publisher
Myst 1993 Broderbund
Riven 1997 Red Orb Entertainment
realMyst
 		2000 Mattel Interactive
Uru: Ages Beyond Myst 2003 Ubisoft
Uru: To D'ni
 		2004 Ubisoft
Uru: The Path of the Shell
 		2004 Ubisoft
Untìl Uru
 		2004 Self-published
Myst V: End of Ages 2005 Ubisoft
Myst Online: Uru Live 2007 GameTap
Myst (for iPhone and iPod Touch) 2009 Self-published
Myst Online: Uru Live again 2010 Self-published
Riven (for iPhone and iPod Touch) 2010 Self-published
realMyst (for iOS) 2012 Self-published
Riven (for iPad) 2013 Self-published
realMyst: Masterpiece Edition 2014 Self-published
Myst (full 3D remake) 2020 Self-published
Riven (full 3D remake) 2024 Self-published

Other games

Title Release year Publisher
floppy disc
) 		1988
Self-published
The Manhole (on CD-ROM) 1989 Activision[34]
Cosmic Osmo and the Worlds Beyond the Mackerel 1989 Broderbund
Spelunx and the Caves of Mr. Seudo 1991 Broderbund
The Manhole: Masterpiece Edition 1994 Broderbund[35]
Cosmic Osmo's Hex Isle 2007 Fanista
MagiQuest Online
 		2010 Creative Kingdoms
iOS
) 		2010 Self-published
Stoneship (for iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad) 2010 Self-published
Bug Chucker (for iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad, and Android) 2011 Self-published
Obduction 2016 Self-published
Firmament 2023 Self-published

Games published

Cyan announced in November 2018 the formation of a new publishing label, Cyan Ventures, to publish games for virtual reality and other platforms. Rand Miller said of the label, "Like with Myst, we know we are on the edge of something...VR has a magical feel, where it takes you to another place. It still feels like we need to push it forward. We are saying let's take the ball and help define this medium."[36] One title from Cyan Ventures is ZED from Eagre Games, a studio formed by former Cyan developer Chuck Carter, released June 4, 2019.[36]

Title Release year Developer
ZED 2019 Eagre Games
Unwritten 2020 Inkworks
AREA MAN LIVES 2022 Numinous Games
The Last Clockwinder 2022 Pontoco

See also

References

  1. ^ Morgan, Adam (March 15, 2023). "Into the Myst: The Oral History of America's Oldest Surviving Indie Game Studio". Inverse. Retrieved September 24, 2023.
  2. ^ a b c Newman, Heather (July 7, 2016). "How Brothers Behind 'Myst' Reunited to Create Mysterious New VR World". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on July 9, 2016. Retrieved July 19, 2016.
  3. ^ Guilofil, Michael (May 22, 2001). "Beyond the Myst". The Spokesman-Review. Archived from the original on November 2, 2013.
  4. ^ Walker, Trey (March 22, 2002). "The Sims overtakes Myst". GameSpot. Retrieved March 17, 2008.
  5. ^ Silberman, Steve (October 1, 1999). "Mystery Man". Wired. Retrieved July 19, 2016.
  6. ^ Herold, Charles (March 4, 2004). "Tackling the Mystery of the Missing Game". New York Times. p. G5.
  7. ^ Myst Creator Cyan Worlds Folds Archived February 26, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ "Index of /". mysterium.zibland.com. Retrieved September 28, 2018.
  9. ^ "TXT: Cyan Worlds trying to reach the last age, or Myst, The Final Offer". Archived from the original on February 27, 2009. Retrieved September 28, 2018.
  10. ^ Kushner, David (August 24, 2009). "Real-Life WoW for the Chuck E. Cheese Set". Wired Magazine. Retrieved November 29, 2009.
  11. ^ "Cyan makes it official: "Myst" now in the hands of its fans". Spokesman Review. December 12, 2008. Archived from the original on December 16, 2008. Retrieved December 20, 2008.
  12. ^ Radd, David (November 5, 2008). "Cyan Lets 50 Game Testers Go". Spokesman Review. Archived from the original on December 16, 2008. Retrieved November 14, 2008.
  13. ^ "Myst Online: Uru Live Again". Myst Online: Uru Live. February 4, 2010. Retrieved March 18, 2010.
  14. ^ "CAVCON Meter". Retrieved May 4, 2014.
  15. ^ "Myst Online: URU Live Forums • View topic - An Open Letter on Open Source". mystonline.com. Retrieved September 28, 2018.
  16. ^ Chalk, Andy (October 17, 2013). "Myst Studio Brings Obduction To Kickstarter". The Escapist. Archived from the original on December 16, 2014. Retrieved October 18, 2013.
  17. ^ Farokhmanesh, Megan (November 16, 2013). "Obduction Kickstarter draws to a successful close". Polygon. Retrieved November 23, 2013.
  18. ^ "Myst Developers Explore Virtual Reality". Fortune. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  19. ^ Dingman, Hayman (October 4, 2014). "Exclusive preview: This is 'Obduction,' Cyan's spiritual successor to 'Myst'". PC World. Retrieved March 4, 2016.
  20. Gamasutra
    . Retrieved August 24, 2016.
  21. ^ Hughes, William (August 24, 2016). "Obduction is the perfect reminder of what made Myst so great". The A.V. Club. Retrieved August 26, 2016.
  22. ^ Caldwell-Gervais, Noah (August 25, 2016). "Obduction Review". Polygon. Retrieved August 26, 2016.
  23. ^ Wales, Matt (March 1, 2018). "Myst developer Cyan unveils its next VR game Firmament in an enigmatic new trailer". Eurogamer. Retrieved March 3, 2018.
  24. ^ Gerardi, Matt. "The creators of Myst are working on a mysterious new steampunk game". The A.V. Club. Retrieved March 3, 2018.
  25. ^ "Cyan reveals Firmament, a steampunk adventure by the creators of Myst and Obduction". PCWorld. Retrieved March 3, 2018.
  26. ^ Cyan Inc. Twitter, October 11, 2022, twitter.com/cyanworlds/status/1579851818385002496.
  27. ^ Cyan Inc. Twitter, May 18, 2023, twitter.com/cyanworlds/status/1633887889565315072.
  28. ^ "Myst 25th Anniversary Collection". Kickstarter. Retrieved September 28, 2018.
  29. ^ "Update 27: Whitebox, Blackbox and More! · Myst 25th Anniversary Collection". Kickstarter. Retrieved September 28, 2018.
  30. ^ "Update #30 - Deep Dives and [Secrets] Revealed!". Kickstarter. September 16, 2020. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
  31. ^ "Myst". Cyan.com. September 16, 2020. Retrieved March 22, 2021.
  32. ^ Lawler, Richard (June 22, 2021). "This VR remake of Myst is coming back to where it all started in 1993". The Verge. Retrieved June 27, 2021.
  33. GamesRadar
    . Retrieved March 29, 2025.
  34. ^ Digital Interactivity Archived 2006-08-19 at the Wayback Machine
  35. ^ "The Manhole: CD-ROM Masterpiece Edition (1994)".
  36. ^
    Venture Beat
    . Retrieved November 15, 2018.
  37. ^ Diemer, Maclaine. Twitter, 6 Jul. 2022, twitter.com/maclainediemer/status/1544761760195887104.

47°47′27″N 117°21′15″W / 47.7907°N 117.3542°W / 47.7907; -117.3542

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