Denis Baylor

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Denis Aristide Baylor (January 30, 1940 – March 16, 2022) was an American neurobiologist. He was professor emeritus of neurobiology at Stanford University. He is known for his research on nerve cells in the retina of the eye. He developed a widely-used method for observing the electrical activity of single rod and cone photoreceptor cells and described how they encode light stimuli.^[2] Baylor’s work has been recognized by his election to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences, and the Royal Society of London.^[1][3]

Early life and education

Baylor was born on January 30, 1940, in Oskaloosa, Iowa.^[4] Baylor received his BA in chemistry from Knox College in 1961, where he graduated magna cum laude and was elected to Phi Beta Kappa.^[4] In 1965, Baylor received his M.D. from Yale School of Medicine, where he was elected to Alpha Omega Alpha medical honor society and graduated cum laude.^[1] At Yale, he was a postdoctoral fellow in physiology with John Nicholls from 1965 and 1968.^[1] He then joined the United States Public Health Service and worked at the National Institutes of Health for two years in the laboratory of M.G.F. Fuortes.^[4] From 1970 to 1972 he was a Special Fellow of the USPHS in the laboratory of Alan Hodgkin in Cambridge, England.^[4]

Research and career

Academic posts

In 1972 Baylor joined the faculty of the University of

Denis Baylor is known for work on early steps in vision, in particular the mechanism in which light energy is converted to neural signals within the rod and cone photoreceptor cells of the eye. He provided a quantitative description of the laws that govern the process.[6]^[7][8][9] Using a new method for recording the electrical currents of individual cells^[10] he recorded for the first time the response of retinal rods to single photons of light^[11] and showed that the response is remarkably reproducible.

He also described and defined the molecular mechanism of two components of intrinsic photoreceptor noise that limit our ability to detect very dim light.^[12][13][14]

His work revealed how light^[15] and color^[16][17] are initially encoded in the primate retina, providing a physiological basis for psychophysical results of Stiles on human vision.

He also helped to elucidate the molecular mechanism of a number of the steps that mediate and control the photoreceptor’s electrical response to light.^{[18][19][20][21][22][23]}

Awards and honors

Baylor's work has been honored by various awards, including election to the

Baylor died of cardiac arrhythmia at the Stanford Golf Course on March 16, 2022, at the age of 82.[26]

References