Direction de la surveillance du territoire
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Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire | |
Agency overview | |
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Formed | 1944 |
Preceding agency |
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Dissolved | 2008 |
Superseding agency |
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The Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire (DST; English: Directorate of Territorial Surveillance) was a directorate of the
The DST Economic Security and Protection of National Assets department had units in the 22 regions of France to protect French technology. It operated for 20 years, not only on behalf of defense industry leaders, but also for pharmaceuticals, telecoms, the automobile industry, and all manufacturing and service sectors.
History
The Surveillance du Territoire (ST) was a counterintelligence and counter terrorism police service which was created in 1934 by the government of Gaston Doumergue and reinforced in 1937 by the government of the Popular Front. It enabled the arrest of many German spies during World War II. Several of its members went on to join the Resistance during the war. The DST succeeded the ST by an order of November 16, 1944, signed by General de Gaulle and relating to the organization of the Ministry of the Interior, supplemented by a decree of November 22, 1944. DST was entrusted to Roger Wybot, who was at the time head of General de Gaulle's counter-espionage section
According to a 2003 book,[2] the DST has never been infiltrated by any foreign agency in all of its history.
During the
On 3 December 1973, agents of the DST, disguised as
On 26 June 1975 Ilich Ramírez Sánchez, also known as Carlos the Jackal shot and killed Raymond Dous and Jean Donatini, two DST inspectors, and Michel Moukharbal, a Lebanese informant, on Rue Toullier in Paris. A third police officer, Jean Herranz, Commissioner of the DST, is seriously injured.
One of the greatest success of the DST was the recruitment of the Soviet KGB officer Vladimir Vetrov. Between the spring of 1981 and early 1982 he handed almost 4,000 secret documents over to the French, including the complete official list of 250 Line X KGB officers stationed under legal cover in embassies around the world, before being arrested in February 1982 and executed in 1985.
Directors of the DST
- Roger Wybot (1944–1959)
- Gabriel Eriau (1959–1961)
- Daniel Doustin (1961–1964)
- Tony Roche (1964–1967)
- Jean Rochet (1967–1972)
- Henri Biard (1972–1974)
- Jacques Chartron (1974–1975)
- Marcel Chalet (November 1975 – November 1982)
- Yves Bonnet (1982–1985)
- Rémy Pautrat (August 1985 – April 1986)
- Bernard Gérard (April 1986 – May 1990)
- Jacques Fournet (23 May 1990 – 5 October 1993)
- Philippe Parant (6 October 1993 – 1997)
- Jean-Jacques Pascal (1997–2002)
- Pierre de Bousquet de Florian (2002–2007)
- Bernard Squarcini (June 2007 – July 2008)
On 1 July 2008 the DST and the DCRG merged, becoming the
References
- ^ "La réorganisation des services de renseignement" Archived 3 August 2008 at the Wayback Machine, official website of the French Ministry of the Interior, 13 September 2007
- ^ Frédéric Ploquin and E. Merlen, 'Carnets intimes de la DST', Fayard 2003
- ^ Roger Faligot and Pascal Krop, DST, Police Secrète, Flammarion, 1999, p.174
- ^ a b L'exportation de la torture , interview with Marie-Monique Robin in L'Humanité, 30 August 2003 (in French)
- ^ "Décret du 2 juillet 2008 portant nomination d'un directeur des services actifs de la police nationale - M. Squarcini (Bernard)". www.legifrance.gouv.fr (in French).
External links
Media related to Direction de la surveillance du territoire at Wikimedia Commons
- Home page from Ministère de l’Intérieur (in French)
- Evaluating the Effectiveness of French Counter-Terrorism (in English)