Dmitry Karakozov

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Dmitry Karakozov
Execution by hanging
MovementRussian nihilist movement

Dmitry Vladimirovich Karakozov (Russian: Дми́трий Влади́мирович Карако́зов; 4 November [O.S. 23 October] 1840 – 15 September [O.S. 3 September] 1866) was a Russian political activist and the first revolutionary in the Russian Empire to make an attempt on the life of a tsar. His attempt to assassinate Tsar Alexander II failed and Karakozov was executed.

Early life and studies

In early 1866 he became a member of the "revolutionary wing" of the Ishutin Society, founded by his cousin Nikolai Ishutin in Moscow in 1863.[1][failed verification]

Attempted assassination of Alexander II

In the spring of 1866, Karakozov arrived in

St Petersburg to assassinate Alexander II. He circulated his hand-written proclamation
called "Друзьям-рабочим" ("To Friends-Workers"), in which he incited people to revolt. He wrote a manifesto to the St Petersburg governor blaming the Tsar for the suffering of the poor: "I have decided to destroy the evil Tsar, and to die for my beloved people."[2] This note never reached anyone; it was lost in the mail.[3]

It is possible 1866 was the year chosen because of the character of Rakhmetov in What Is to Be Done?. This fictional inspiration of revolutionary youth plans for a revolution to coincide with the apocalypse according to Newton-1866.[4]

I have long been tormented by the thought and given no rest by my doubts why my beloved simple Russian people has to suffer so much! ... Why next to the eternal simple peasant and labourer in his factory and workshop are there people who do nothing – idle nobles, a horde of officials and other wealthy people, all living in shining houses? I have looked for the reason for all this in books, and I have found it. The man really responsible is the Tsar. ... the Tsar is the first of the nobles. He never holds out his hand to the people because he is himself the people's worst enemy.

— Karakozov, manifesto addressed to "Friends-Workers" (found in Karakozov's pocket)[5][6]

On 4 April 1866, Dmitry Karakozov made an unsuccessful attempt on the life of Tsar Alexander II at the gates of the

Soviet historians argued that Komissarov's involvement in the event was either an accident or an outright government fabrication. Komissarov was ennobled and given a generous allowance, but proved to be an embarrassment to the government due to his boorishness and incoherence and had to be politely removed to the countryside.[2]

Karakozov tried to flee instead of using the second cartridge in his double-barrelled gun, but was easily caught by the guards. He kept one hand in his jacket. It was revealed later to be holding

prussic acid to disfigure his face. Alexander asked him "What do you want?" "Nothing, nothing," he replied.[7]

Karakozov was taken to the

cooperatives). They were subjected to constant surveillance and periodic searches.[citation needed
]

Karakozov was an inspiration for the radical

Sergei Nechaev and Vera Zasulich.[10]
Alexander II was assassinated in 1881.

Notes

Further reading

References

Citations

  1. ^ Kalmykov, A. G. "Karakozov D.V. (1840–1866), revolutionary". Saint Petersburg Encyclopaedia.
  2. ^ Ana Siljak, Angel of Vengeance, page 79
  3. ^ Ana Siljak, Angel of Vengeance, page 110
  4. ^ Ana Siljak, Angel of Vengeance, page 82
  5. ^ "1866: Dmitry Karakozov". ExecutedToday.com.
  6. ISBN 978-0-674-78118-4
    .
  7. ^ Ana Siljak, Angel of Vengeance, page 79
  8. ^ Verhoeven, Claudia (2004). "The Priest and the Tsaricide" (PDF). UCLA Historical Journal. 20: 88–89.
  9. OCLC 726824196
    .
  10. ^ Ana Siljak, Angel of Vengeance, p. 92

Sources

External links
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