Electoral division (Ireland)
An electoral division (ED,
History until partition
Electoral divisions originated under the Poor Relief (Ireland) Act 1838 as "poor law electoral divisions": electoral divisions of a poor law union (PLU) returning one or more members to the PLU's board of guardians.[4][5] The boundaries of these were drawn by Poor Law Commissioners, with the intention of producing areas roughly equivalent in both population and "rateable value" (rates being the property tax which funded local government). This meant that while electoral divisions almost always contiguous, they might bear little relation to natural community boundaries. Elections used first-past-the-post in single-member divisions and multiple non-transferable vote in those electing two (or occasionally more) guardians. The 1838 act required electoral divisions to comprise complete townlands; an 1839 amendment empowered the Commissioners to ignore this restriction when constituting a large town into a single electoral division and dividing it into "wards" for poor law elections.[6] Typically, poor law wards matched pre-existing municipal ward boundaries, though the respective electoral franchises differed. In 1872, the Poor Law Commissioners were replaced by the Local Government Board for Ireland (LGBI) which had broader powers. The Commissioners and LGBI had power to revise most local boundaries, including electoral divisions. Returns of the valuation of each electoral division were made to Parliament in 1846,[7] 1866,[8] and 1901.[9]
The
Whereas the 1841–1891 censuses had been broken down by
Northern Ireland
After the 1920–22
The 1971 act replaced the two-tier county and district local government model with a single-tier district model, with each of
Republic of Ireland
Because of the 1919 change, DEDs have no independent use in what is now the Republic of Ireland; however, they remained legally defined units used in civil registration, land registration, statistical reporting,[26] and as references for specifying the makeup of larger units,[27] or the location of smaller ones.[28] There were comprehensive revisions of the DEDs in County Dublin in 1971, to facilitate redrawing electoral boundaries in growing suburbs of Dublin city,[29][26] and again in 1986, when it was divided into the electoral counties of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, Fingal, and South Dublin.[30] Otherwise DEDs were rarely if ever changed, so that a few came to cross county/county-borough boundaries which had been adjusted.[31] The Local Government Act 1994 substituted the name "electoral division" to replace both the names "district electoral division" (as used in counties) and "ward" (as used in county boroughs, themselves renamed "cities" by the Local Government Act 2001). This change was commenced in 1996. Ward boundaries had been revised more often than those of DEDs.[32]
There are a total of 3,440 EDs in the state, with an average population of 1,447 and average area of 20.4 square kilometres (5,000 acres).
Citations
- ^ "electoral division". tearma.ie. Foras na Gaeilge. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
- ^ "district electoral division". tearma.ie. Foras na Gaeilge. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
- ^
- "Local Government Act 1994 s.63". electronic Irish Statute Book (eISB). Retrieved 23 November 2021.
- Local Government Act 1994 (Commencement) Order 1996 (S.I. No. 191 of 1996). Signed on 24 June 1996. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 8 October 2021.
- ^ Poor Relief (Ireland) Act 1838 ss. 18, 19
- ^ a b c d e Census of Population of Northern Ireland 1926; Topographical Index (PDF). Belfast: HMSO. 1929. p. vi. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
- ^ Poor Relief (Ireland) Act 1839 s. 2; LGBI 1900 p. 3
- ^ Return of Name of each Union and Electoral Division in Ireland; Number of Occupiers; Number of Hereditaments for Rate. Parliamentary papers. Vol. HC 1846 XXXVI (262) 469. HMSO. 4 May 1846.
- ^ RETURNS of the Name of each Electoral Division in each Poor Law- Union in Ireland: Of the Valuation of each Electoral Division in each Union: And, of the Poundage Rates made on each Electoral Division, in each of the Years 1861, 1862, 1863, and 1864 (in continuation of Parliamentary Return, 1860). Parliamentary papers. Vol. HC 1866 LXII (237) 1. HMSO. 4 May 1866.
- ^ Return respecting Local Government Electoral Areas, showing for the whole of Ireland the number of Local Government Electors and Poor Law Valuation of each County and each County Electoral Division therein, and of each County District (Urban and Rural), and each District Electoral Division or Ward therein, and the number of County Councillors for each such County and County Electoral Division, and of District Councillors and Guardians for each such County District and District Electoral Division or Ward. Parliamentary papers. Vol. HC 1901 LXIV (2) 413. HMSO. 15 February 1901.
- ^ Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 s.22(4)
- ^ Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 ss. 23(2)(b), 24(a)
- ^ Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898, ss. 23(1), 24(b); LGBI 1900 p. 13
- ^ LGBI (1900) p. 4; Appendix A.I.i; Appendix A.I.iii
- ^ LGBI 1900 p. 4
- ^ LGBI 1900 p. 8
- ^ Registration (Ireland) Act 1898; LGBI 1900 p. 8
- ^ Census of Ireland, 1901; Part II: General Report. Command papers. Vol. Cd. 1190. Dublin: HMSO. 1902. p. 9.
- ^ LGBI (1921). [Forty-eighth] Annual Report [for year ending 31st March 1920]. Command papers. Vol. Cmd.1432. Dublin: HMSO. pp. ii–vii, Appendix p.38. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
- ^ a b Whyte, J.H. (1983). "How much discrimination was there under the unionist regime, 1921–68?". In Gallagher, Tom; O'Connell, James (eds.). Contemporary Irish Studies. Manchester, United Kingdom: Manchester University Press.
- ^ Local Government Act (Northern Ireland) 1922 [12 & 13 Geo. 5 c. 16] ss. 1(1), 7
- ^ "The Ministry of Home Affairs for Northern Ireland". Belfast Gazatte (109): 284–321. 29 June 1923. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
- ^ Local Government (Boundaries) Act (Northern Ireland) 1971 s.1(2)
- ^ Local Government (Boundaries) Act (Northern Ireland) 1971 Schedule 3 s.2
- ^ Local Government (Boundaries) Act (Northern Ireland) 1971 Schedule 1
- ^ "[2012 No. 421] Local Government (Boundaries) Order (Northern Ireland) 2012". Retrieved 23 November 2021.
- ^ a b "New Divisions for Dublin County". The Irish Times. 29 January 1971. p. 15. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
- ^ e.g.:
- S.I. No. 468/2013 for "The closure of the District Court Area of Clones and the amalgamation of its Electoral Divisions [including Drummully] into the District Court Area of Monaghan"
- S.I. No. 629/2018 Drummully ED included in Ballybay–Clones LEA.
- ^ e.g.:
- S.I. No. 54/2015 "The areas ... listed in Column 2 of the Schedule to these Regulations, located in the Electoral Divisions and Local Electoral Areas listed in Columns 3 and 4 of the said Schedule, opposite the mention of the relevant administrative county in Column 1 of the said Schedule are hereby prescribed to be urban areas for the purposes of the Derelict Sites Act, 1990. ... [including] Drumsloe [townland] in Drummully [ED] in Ballybay — Clones [LEA]"
- ^
- Census of Population, 1971. Vol. 1. Central Statistics Office. July 1972. Explanatory Notes p. vi, Table 11 pp. 75–76, Appendix p. 165. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
- Dublin County (District Electoral Divisions) Regulations (S.I. No. 17 of 1971). Signed on 25 January 1971. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book.
- ^ Dublin County (District Electoral Divisions) Regulations (S.I. No. 13 of 1986). Signed on 20 January 1986. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book.
- ^ "Appendix A: Changes, since 1971, in the administrative areas distinguished in the census" (PDF). Census of Population, 1979. Vol. 1. Dublin: CSO. February 1980. p. 93. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
- ^ "Electoral Act 1963". Irish Statute Book. SIs made under the Act; S. 88. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
- ^ a b "Central Statistics Office – Electoral Division Boundaries". Central Statistics Office (Ireland). Retrieved 28 January 2019.
- ^ "E2013: Population Density and Area Size 2011 to 2016". Census 2016. CSO. 30 June 2020. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
- ^ compare "Correspondence table LAU – NUTS 2016, EU-28 and EFTA / available Candidate Countries" 2018 and 2019 "Local Administrative Units (LAU) - NUTS - Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics - Eurostat". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
Sources
- LGBI (1900). Twenty-seventh annual report of the Local Government Board for Ireland. Command papers. Vol. C. 9480. Dublin: HMSO.
- Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898
- Local Government (Boundaries) Act (Northern Ireland) 1971
External links
- All island
- Townlands in Ireland – OpenStreetMap project mapping administrative divisions of the island of Ireland, including [district] electoral divisions
- Boundaries of Administrative Counties, Co. Boroughs, Urban & Dispensary Districts & District Electoral Divisions (4 sheets, Ordnance Survey of Ireland)
- 1912 edition — from the Leslie Brown Map Collection
- 1935 edition, partly revised 1961 — from the Placenames Database of Ireland
- Republic of Ireland
- Electoral Divisions - OSi National Statutory Boundaries — interactive map and downloadable geographic information system datafiles (there are duplicates of EDs affected by the 2019 Cork boundary change)
- Categories of Disadvantaged Areas Set of Excel spreadsheets, listing all townlands and the 1898 District Electoral Division they belong to — from Department of Agriculture and Food
- Electoral districts in Ireland — from Placenames Database of Ireland; a total of 3474, with some double-counted
- Northern Ireland
- Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland (1935). "Administrative map of Northern Ireland showing the boundaries of administrative counties, county & municipal boroughs, urban, union & rural districts, district electoral divisions & townships". American Geographical Society Library Digital Map Collection. University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries. Retrieved 1 October 2020.