Founder takes all

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In this GIF, the different colors represent various genotypes in a meta-population. Following a revolution that kills some of the populations, the first progenitors to move into the troubled area can build and add to hold the place. Later-arriving progenitors can be 'obstructed' by the anew ascertained residents.

The Founder Takes All (FTA) hypothesis refers to the evolutionary advantages conferred to first-arriving lineages in an ecosystem.[1]

Overview

Density-dependent processes such as gene surfing, high-density blocking, and competitive exclusion can play crucial roles in the spatial structuring of

biogeographical processes in which population density (relative to resources) constrains the ability of new arriving lineages to establish [3][4]

It is proposed that well-studied evolutionary and ecological biogeographic patterns of postglacial recolonization, progressive island colonization, microbial sectoring, and even the "Out of Africa" pattern of human expansion are fundamentally similar. All these patterns are underpinned by the "founder takes all" density-dependent principle.[citation needed] For example, following a large-scale earthquake disturbance, two parallel recolonisation events and density-dependent blocking have been hypothesised to explain the occurrence of two distinct spatial sectors of population structure in Durvillaea antarctica on Turakirae Head in New Zealand.[5]

It is hypothesized that older historical constraints of density-independent processes are seen today, within the dramatic biogeographic shifts that occur in response to human-mediated extinction events. Due to these extinction events, surviving lineages can rapidly expand their ranges to replace extinct sister taxa.[2]

The FTA model

The FTA model is underpinned by

ecological phenomena and processes such as the Allee effect, gene surfing,[6] high-density blocking,[7] and priority effects.[8]
Early colonizing lineages can reach high densities and thus hinder the success of late-arriving colonizers. It has been suggested that this can strongly influence spatial biodiversity patterns.

extirpation.[13]

One possible scientific consequence of FTA dynamics is that gene flow measures based on the genetics of contemporary high-density populations may underestimate actual rates of dispersal and invasion potential.[14]

See also

References

  1. PMID 23000431
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  2. ^
    PMID 23000431
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  3. ^ Edwards, W.J. "Population Limiting Factors". Nature Education. Nature. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
  4. doi:10.1111/ecog.07117
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  5. PMID 35582778
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  6. PMID 18502536
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  7. doi:10.1038/hdy.1996.142
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  8. doi:10.1016/S1146-609X(02)01145-1
    .
  9. PMID 18056799
    .
  10. S2CID 4318120
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  11. PMID 19204277
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  12. PMID 27432948
    .
  13. PMID 24827440
    .
  14. S2CID 3150294
    .
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