Gábor Szegő
Gábor Szegő | |
|---|---|
Joseph Ullman |
Gábor Szegő (Hungarian: [ˈɡaːbor ˈsɛɡøː]) (January 20, 1895 – August 7, 1985) was a Hungarian-American mathematician. He was one of the foremost mathematical analysts of his generation and made fundamental contributions to the theory of orthogonal polynomials and Toeplitz matrices building on the work of his contemporary Otto Toeplitz.
Life
Szegő was born in
Jewish family as the son of Adolf Szegő and Hermina Neuman.[1]
He married the chemist Anna Elisabeth Neményi in 1919, with whom he had two children.
In 1912 he started studies in
University of Berlin and the University of Göttingen, where he attended lectures by Frobenius and Hilbert, amongst others. In Budapest he was taught mainly by Fejér, Beke, Kürschák and Bauer[2] and made the acquaintance of his future collaborators George Pólya and Michael Fekete. His studies were interrupted in 1915 by World War I
, in which he served in the infantry, artillery and air corps.
In 1918 while stationed in Vienna, he was awarded a Nazi regime resulted in a temporary position at the Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri in 1936, before his appointment as chairman of the mathematics department at Stanford University in 1938, where he helped build up the department until his retirement in 1966. He died in Palo Alto, California. His doctoral students include Paul Rosenbloom and Joseph Ullman
. The Gábor Szegö Prize, Szegő Gábor Primary School, and Szegő Gábor Matematikaverseny (a mathematics competition in his former school) are all named in his honor.
Works
Szegő's most important work was in
analysis. He was one of the foremost analysts of his generation and made fundamental contributions to the theory of Toeplitz matrices and orthogonal polynomials. He wrote over 130 papers in several languages. Each of his four books, several written in collaboration with others, has become a classic in its field. The monograph Orthogonal polynomials, published in 1939, contains much of his research and has had a profound influence in many areas of applied mathematics, including theoretical physics, stochastic processes and numerical analysis
.
Tutoring von Neumann
At the age of 15, the young John von Neumann, recognised as a mathematical prodigy, was sent to study advanced calculus under Szegő. On their first meeting, Szegő was so astounded by von Neumann's mathematical talent and speed that he was brought to tears.[5] Szegő subsequently visited the von Neumann house twice a week to tutor the child prodigy. Some of von Neumann's instant solutions to the problems in calculus posed by Szegő, sketched out on his father's stationery, are now on display at the von Neumann archive at Budapest.[6]
Honours
.jpg)
Amongst the many honours received during his lifetime were:
- Julius König Prizeof the Hungarian Mathematical Society (1928)
- Member of the Königsberger Gelehrten Gesellschaft (1928)
- Corresponding member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna (1960)
- Honorary member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (1965)
Bibliography
- The collected Papers of Gábor Szegő, 3 Vols (ed. ISBN 3-7643-3063-5
- Pólya, George; Szegő, Gábor (1972) [1925], Problems and theorems in analysis, 2 Vols, Springer-Verlag
- Szegő, Gábor (1933), Asymptotische Entwicklungen der Jacobischen Polynome, Niemeyer[7]
- Szegő, Gábor (1939), Orthogonal Polynomials, American Mathematical Society;[8] 2nd edn. 1955
- Pólya, George; Szegő, Gábor (1951), Isoperimetric problems in mathematical physics, Annals of Mathematics Studies, vol. 27, Princeton University Press, ISBN 0691079889
- Szegő, Gábor; Grenander, Ulf (1958), Toeplitz forms and their applications, Chelsea[9]
Selected articles
- Szegő, G. (1920). "Beiträge zur Theorie der Toeplitzschen Formen". Math. Z. 6 (3–4): 167–202. S2CID 118147030.
- Szegő, G. (1921). "Beiträge zur Theorie der Toeplitzschen Formen, II". Math. Z. 9 (3–4): 167–190. S2CID 125157848.
- Szegő, G. (1935). "A problem concerning orthogonal polynomials". Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 37: 196–206. MR 1501782.
- Szego, Gabriel (1936). "Correction". Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 39 (3): 500. MR 1501861.
- Szego, Gabriel (1936). "Correction". Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 39 (3): 500.
- Szegő, Gabriel (1936). "Inequalities for the zeros of Legendre polynomials and related functions". Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 39: 1–17. MR 1501831.
- Szegő, Gabriel (1936). "On some Hermitian forms associated with two given curves of the complex plane". Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 40 (3): 450–461. MR 1501884.
- Szegő, G. (1940). "On the gradient of solid harmonic polynomials". Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 47: 51–65. MR 0000847.
- with MR 0005164.
- Szegő, G. (1942). "On the oscillations of differential transforms. I". Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 52 (3): 450–462. MR 0007170.
- Szegő, G. (1943). "On the oscillations of differential transforms. IV. Jacobi polynomials". Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 53 (3): 463–468. MR 0008100.
- with Max Schiffer: Schiffer, M.; Szegő, G. (1949). "Virtual mass and polarization". Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 67: 130–205. MR 0033922.
- Szegő, G. (1950). "On certain special sets of orthogonal polynomials". Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 1 (6): 731–737. MR 0042546.
- with Albert Edrei: Edrei, A.; Szegő, G. (1953). "A note on the reciprocal of a Fourier series". Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 4 (2): 323–329. MR 0053267.
References
- ^ Biography on the homepage of Kunhegyes (in Hungarian)
- ^ "Biographies - Alfréd Rényi Institute of Mathematics (bios of Bauer Mihály and Beke Manó)" (PDF).
- ^ Gábor Szegő at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
- ^ Official memorial citation Archived 2009-03-25 at the Wayback Machine, Stanford University.
- ISBN 0-8218-4219-6.
- ^ John Von Neumann: The Scientific Genius Who Pioneered the Modern Computer, by Norman Macrae, American Mathematical Soc., 2000, page 70
- .
- .
- .
External links
- O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Gábor Szegő", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
- Askey, Richard (17 May 1995). "Gábor Szegő - One hundred years (Topic #25)". Op-Sf Net.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Academics | |
| People | |
| Other | |
