Galunggung
Galunggung | |
---|---|
Gunung Galunggung | |
Highest point | |
Elevation | 2,168 m (7,113 ft) |
Listing | Ribu |
Coordinates | 7°15′24″S 108°04′37″E / 7.2567315°S 108.0770588°E |
Geography | |
Location | West Java, Indonesia |
Geology | |
Mountain type | Stratovolcano |
Last eruption | January 1984[1] |
Mount Galunggung (Indonesian: Gunung Galunggung, formerly spelled Galoen-gong,
For the first time since 1982 after eruptions finished and conditions seemed normal, on February 12, 2012, the status was upgraded to Alert based on changes in conditions.[2] [3] On 28 May 2012, it was lowered from 2 back to 1 (On a scale of 1–4).
1822 eruption
Galunggung had its first historical eruption in 1822 that produced
Hazardous eruption of 1982
The last major
One plane, a
Three weeks later, on 14 July, a Singapore Airlines airplane with approximately 230 passengers aboard also inadvertently entered the cloud at night, and three of its four engines stopped. The crew succeeded in restarting one of the engines after descending 2,400 m (7,874 ft). Both aircraft suffered serious damage to their engines and exterior surfaces.[6]
Historical avalanche deposits
A hummocky deposit known as the Ten Thousand Hills of Tasikmalaya attracted the attention of early-20th-century geologists. Houses were built on the hummocks since they provided good defence against hostile people, and being above the paddy fields were free of mosquitoes and rats.
Originally, it was thought that either it had been formed by a
However, in the light of the
See also
- Volcanoes of Java
- List of volcanoes in Indonesia
- List of volcanic eruptions by death toll
- Volcanism of Java
References
- ^ "Galunggung". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2021-06-24.
- ^ "Sejak 1982, Baru Kali ini Galunggung Berstatus Waspada (in Indonesian)". February 14, 2012. Archived from the original on September 7, 2012.
- ^ Suwarni, Yuli Tri (February 13, 2012), "Mt. Galunggung status raised to alert", The Jakarta Post, archived from the original on February 14, 2012
- ^ "Volcano World - Galunggung". volcano.oregonstate.edu. 27 January 2021.
- Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 2021-12-09.
- ^ "A Singapore Airlines jumbo jet flew into a plume..." UPI.
External links
- Media related to Galunggung at Wikimedia Commons
- S. Brantley & H. Glicken (1986). "Volcanic Debris Avalanches". Earthquakes & Volcanoes. 18 (6): 195–206. Retrieved 2011-08-20.
- NOAA facts and figures about Galunggung
- Volcanological Survey of Indonesia
- Official website of Indonesian volcanoes at USGS