Garad Hirabu Goita Tedros
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Garad Hirabu Goita Tedros | |
---|---|
Somalis | |
Battles/wars | Badeqe, Shimbra Kura |
Relations | Ali Goita, Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, Nur ibn Mujahid |
Garad Hirabu Goita Ali, widely recognized as Goita Tedros, held a distinguished position as one of the preeminent generals within the historical tapestry of the
Conquests And Background
Born into the preeminent
Relation to Ahmad Ghazi
Identified by Cerulli in the magnificent Documenti Arabi Per La Storia Dell'Etiopia. Cerulli even links the name's precedent in Adali/Harari leadership using Goita Hirabe bin Tedros bin Adam.
Tedros does not signify anything more than a name like "Farmaajo," a Romance Italian name or Saadaq "John," an Anglo-Saxon name.
It was just a name from the Greek "Theodorus" meaning "God's Gift" borrowed into Ethio-Semitic as Tedrus which seeped into Adal through the official use of the Harari language, an Ethio-Semitic language heavily interacted with the Cushitic languages, particularly Somali.
Actual
He would also be mentioned as being the Emir of the
Titles and Lineage
Garad Hirabu hailed from the Rida-Amir tribe of Marehan, Goita was the highest title given by the Emir of Harar, and later by the Kingdom of Adal after they merged.
In fact, a Goita was second only to Emir and it was considerably higher than a Garad.
Also, a Goita was not a political position like a Wasiir (advisor to Emir), or an administrative position like Malaaq (head of a district) or Garad (head of a group of tribal villages), but a Goita was a combination of both of those things in a defensive/military capability. It was actually very similar to the European concept of Duke (which even today is only below the Royal family and superior to all other titles in Europe). Conversely, a Garad was essentially just a Baron and Malaaq a Viscount.
Duke originates from the title of Dux in the Roman Empire. Basically it was a trusted General who was sent to lead a province and take all the Roman legions there under his command. It wasn't a military rank, but above it in that he was both the political and military leader of the province and not just a military commander.
Later, the European monarchies conferred "Duke" on the most powerful and wealthiest landowners with the largest number of banners who were expected to be the greatest source of defense in case of invasion. In many cases, Dukes were descendents of previous Kings as sons who could not become King were given Dukedoms.
Similarly, a Goita was a supra political-military title conferred by the Emir for the greatest possible defender of the city of Harar and of the Kingdom of Adal. In many cases, a Goita in the city of Harar was the son of the Emir and a number of Emirs were Goita before becoming Emir.
Outside of the city of Harar, the Kingdom of Adal only conferred Goita on someone who could protect the caravan/trade routes. To accomplish this, you must have the strongest tribe, the most powerful militia, and the greatest numbers of banners.[4]
The Assassination of Umar Din's son
During the later early years of the conquest puppet
Prior to the conquest, it was also Hirabu who successfully defeated Sultan Abu Bakr, permitting the Imam to initiate the conquest.
Translation of the passage: Page 32
"In the land of saad-Eddin, who would take the tribute and distribute it to the poor; at the same time to inform him of the victories won, of the great booty made, and of the many riches he had at his disposal to purchase weapons. All the leaders obeyed the Iman without exception, who sent his troops to their homes to rest and prepare for new wars. The Iman went to the town of Zerba to settle some issues that had arisen between the leaders. But in the meantime a certain Omardin, Vizir Nur and Gherad Akmoscia together with other leaders had hatched a conspiracy with the aim of taking possession of the Iman, which at that moment was left with very few soldiers. And they had already managed to take the Iman's horses, which he had left in the custody of his servants, and also his weapons. Kadi Abubeker protested this infamous act, but was unable to overcome the resistance of those leaders to carry out their intentions against the Iman. Then Kadi Abubeker immediately went to Zerba to tell everything to the Iman. To which I announced the Iman told him to go back that if those leaders persisted in the idea of war against him and in their hostile intentions against him, he was ready to cede the country to them. But Emir Ussein el Gaturi, hearing this speech, broke down and said to the Iman: «How do you want to give up your country to them? instead we will try to gather as many Somali soldiers as possible and we will wage war." All the other leaders stood up and supported what Emir Ussein el Gaturi had proposed. The Iman left Zerba and walked for 4 days to reach the town called Ianaser, which was close to the sultan's residence: he left from that place and reached the town of Ualakam, where he found a very large quantity of Ciat. When the Sultan learned that I'Iman was approaching with a good number of soldiers, he then repeatedly sent for his In the meantime Erabo, leader of the Somali Merrean tribe he had killed the son of Sultan Omardin, who had joined the conspiracy. And Sultan Omardin complained to the Iman and said: "Erabo has killed my son and perhaps he still thinks of doing me more harm. The Iman then together with Sultan Omardin pushed into Somali territory as far as Godat: Erabo fled and the Iman with Omardin."
References
- ISBN 9780972317252.
- )
- ^ Cerulli, Enrico (1957). "Storia Della Somalia, L Islam in Islam.II Libro degli zengi". Istituto Poligrafico Dello Stato P.V. 1 (1): 167.
- ^ Leslau, Wolf. Etymological Dictionary of Harari (PDF). University of California Publications Near Middle Eastern Studies.