Great Council of Mechelen
Great Council | |
---|---|
Grote Raad / Grand Conseil / Grosse Rat | |
Established | 1473 |
Dissolved | 1794 |
Location | Mechelen |
President |
From the 15th century onwards, the Great Council of the Netherlands at
Origins and history
The medieval rulers were assisted by advisers. Together with the ruler they formed the
In the Burgundian Netherlands, the councils initially travelled with the Duke. In 1473 Duke Charles the Bold decided to establish the council in a specific location, in Mechelen. The council took on the name of the Parliament of Mechelen. After Charles' death in 1477, this parliament was abolished by Charles' daughter Mary of Burgundy on the occasion of the issuing of the Great Privilege. This was the result of the constant struggle between the centralisation of the rulers and the particularism of the states. The French king was also against a parliament in Mechelen, as it would become a rival of the Parlement of Paris. Nonetheless, under Philip the Fair, the Great Council was again established in Mechelen in 1504, this time permanently, but without the addition of parliament to its name.
In the 16th century the territorial powers of the Great council grew. Through the establishment of authority by
In 1526 the construction of a new Seat for the Great Council started by the architect and
The Great Council was abolished during the French Revolution. During the first French invasion in 1792, the Council moved to Roermond, where it watched over the last unoccupied lands, the twelve remaining municipalities of Austrian Guelders. During the second French invasion in 1794, part of the council members moved to Regensburg and Augsburg, in imperial territory; another part chose for the new regime and became part of the new judicial organisation.
Composition
The composition of the Great Council was noticeably stable throughout the centuries. It had one chairman or president, 15 to 16 councillors, one procureur-general, one replacement procureur-general, one fiscal advocate, 10 paid secretaries, two or three clerks, advocates and lastly Huissier de justice. Of the councillors, who wore red vestments, traditionally four were clerical, later lessened to two. All councillors were appointed by the ruler from a list of candidates of the Council itself. They had to be licentiate or doctor in law at one of the universities in the ruler's lands.
The following people were council members:
Presidents
The president was appointed for life by the monarch.[3] Normally noble lords were chosen, they had the right to change their coats of arms with heraldic maces.[clarification needed]
The President was the direct contact between the Council and the Emperor, he had great influence and played often a major part in local history or even beyond. Many Presidents had a great international network that allowed them to enlarge their social status.
Nr | Start | End | Name |
---|---|---|---|
1. | 1503 | 1521 | Joannes Peeters, Lord of Catz |
2. | 1521 | 1528 | Judocus Lauwerys |
3. | 1528 | 1532 | Nicolaas Everaerts |
4. | 1532 | 1556 | Lambert de Briarde, Lord of Liezele |
5. | 1556 | 1562 | Nicolas II Everaerts |
6. | 1562 | 1584 | Jean de Glymes, Lord of Waterdijk |
7. | 1584 | 1595 | Jan van der Burch |
8. | 1598 | 1604 | Igram van Achelen |
9. | 1605 | 1622 | Jacques Libaert, Lord of Sommaing |
10. | 1622 | 1628 | Ranunce of France, Lord of Noyelles |
11. | 1628 | 1637 | Zeger Coulez |
12. | 1637 | 1651 | Henri de Vicq, Lord of Meuleveldt |
13. | 1651 | 1661 | Antoine l'Hermite |
14. | 1661 | 1669 | Adrien of France, Lord of Noyelles |
15. | 1669 | 1686 | Jean-Antoine Locquet, 1st Viscount of Hombeke
|
16. | 1686 | 1690 | Andre del Marmol |
17. | 1690 | 1690 | Guillaume-Philippe, Marquess of Herzelles |
18. | 1690 | 1699 | Guillaume-Albert de Grysperre, Baron of Goyck
|
19. | 1699 | 1707 | Hyacinthe-Marie de Brouchoven |
20. | 1707 | 1714 | Jacques Jean Baptiste Stalins, Lord of Poppenrode |
21. | 1716 | 1725 | Christophe-Ernest, 1st Count of Baillet |
20. | 1726 | 1738 | Pierre-Primitive van Volden |
21. | 1739 | 1756 | Eugène Joseph d'Olmen, Baron de Poederlé |
22. | 1756 | 1773 | Guillaume-Ignace Pycke, Lord of Ideghem |
23. | 1773 | 1794 | Goswin de Fierlant |
Others
- master of requests1583–1584
- Jan I Carondelet
- Jan II Carondelet
- Jeroen van Busleyden
- Jean Alphonse, 1st Count de Coloma
- Viglius
- Filips Wielant, councillor 1473–1477, 1504–1520
- Christinaeus, Or Paul van Christynen.
- Jean Thadee de Grouff
- Jean Joseph de Vreven
- Corneel Janssens Hujoel
- Claude Ignace de Febure
- François-Augustin de Steenhault, Lord of Nieuwenhove
- François Alexander de Steenhault.
- Gilles-Augustin de Steenhault, Lord of Felignies.(1740-1758)
- Remy du Laury: Procurator-General in 1716.
- Jean Ferdinand Keyaerts: Procurator-General in 1716.
- Jean Guillaume de Potter: Advocate-Fiscal until 1742.
- Jean-Jacques van Caestre, Baron of Boutershem.
- Jean Baptiste van Slabbeeck: Advocate-Fiscal in 1744.
- Henri Joseph de Villers: Advocate-Fiscal in 1767.
- Claude Sotteau : Procurator-General in 1742.
- Albert-Philippe de Vaernewyck
- Jean Philippe de Wapenaert, Lord of Erpe : Procurator-General in 1750.
- Charles-Philippe de Wapenaert.
- Charles Thomas Caimo.
- Charles-Henri Goubau, Lord of Middelswalle.
- Melchior Goubau d'Hovorst, son of Charles.
- Henri Theodore Jacobs: Procurator-General in 1761.
- Ignace-Joseph Wirix, Lord of Kessel: Afvocate-Fiscal in 1771.
- Joseph Wiro de Bors.
- Jacques Joseph de Stassart.
- Daniel Servaes.
- Guillaume-François Snoy
- Jean Louis Pouppez
- Gaspard Antoine de Meester
- Guillaume de Ruysschen, Lord of Heylissem.
- Philippe-Antoine de Beeckman, Lord of Schore.
- Gerard Norbert de Robiano.
- Gaspard François du Trieu
- Jean-Joseph du Trieu
- Joseph-Theodeore de Richterich,
- Jean-Théodore de Richterich.
- Pierre Andre François du Trieu, Greffier.
- Alard de Saint-Vaast.
- Pierre Claude de Saint-Vaast, Lord of Denterghem.
- Augustin Ignace de Saint-Vaast, Lord of Denterghem
- Jean-François de Villegas, Baron of Hovorst.
- Pierre van Volden.
- Corneille Nelis.
- Nicolas-Joseph de Posson
- Henri-Joseph, Count de Villers
- Jacques-Joseph de Stassart.
- Juste-Cécile van Putte
- Gilles Stalens, Lord of Tendaele.
- Philippe du Jardin
- Guillaume-François van Kieldonck, Lord of Heynsbroeck
- Alexander Boulin.
Impressive buildings built by the councillors include:
Role
The competence of the Great Council strongly fluctuated from period to period and from province to province. In the small
Archives of the Great Council of Mechelen can be found in the
Records
A calendar of the memorials of the Great Council edited by Arthur Gaillard has been published in two volumes under the title Inventaire des mémoriaux du Grand Conseil de Malines (Brussels, P. Weissenbruch, 1900–1903).
See also
References
- ^ "Stadhuis" (in Dutch). City of Mechelen. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 18 July 2011.
- ^ "Stadhuis met voormalige Lakenhal (ID: 3717)". De Inventaris van het Bouwkundig Erfgoed (in Dutch). Vlaams Instituut voor het Onroerend Erfgoed (VIOE). Retrieved 18 July 2011. The edifice was continued and finally completed in the early 20th century, strictly following Rombout II Keldermans's Brabantine Gothic design, with original drawings but as modified by Keldermans during the early phase, for the 'new' north wing of the Mechelen City Hall.
- ^ Trophées tant sacrées que profanes du Duché de Brabant: Supplement ..., Volume 3