Griffon Bruxellois

The Griffon Bruxellois or Brussels Griffon is a

The three variations of the Griffon Bruxellois, the Brussels Griffon (Griffon Bruxellois), the Belgian Griffon (Griffon Belge), and the Petit Brabançon, all descend from dog called a Smousje, a rough coated, small terrier-like dog kept in stables to eliminate rodents,

The breed has never been numerous or popular, but had a brief vogue in the late 1950s, and now is generally an uncommon breed. There has been a recent increase in interest in the United States due to the appearance of a Griffon in the movie As Good as It Gets,^{[citation needed]} and also because of a general increase in interest in toy dogs.^{[citation needed]}

The Griffon Bruxellois is typically a small breed with a sturdy frame. The average adult Griffon stands from 9–11 inches (230–280 mm) tall, and weighs 8–10 pounds (4–5 kg).^[5] They have domed heads, short noses, and an underbite. Their human-like facial features were the inspiration for the Ewok.^[6]

The Griffon comes in two coat variants, wiry/rough and smooth coat. Their fur can be red, black and tan, or black and reddish in color. The short hair Griffon requires little grooming while the wiry/rough coat Griffon requires weekly grooming attention.^[6]

Generally, breeders will dock tails and crop ears on puppies for sale. This practice is illegal in most of Europe and increasingly frowned on in the United States, but still practiced in some places.^{[citation needed]}

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The Griffon Bruxellois is known to display a visible air of self-importance.^{[citation needed]} A Griffon should not be shy or aggressive, but they are very emotionally sensitive, and because of this, should be socialized carefully at a young age.^[7] Griffons should also be alert, inquisitive and interested in their surroundings.

Griffons tend to bond with one human more than others, and are very good with children provided they are not teased. They are not very patient but love to play. Griffons tend to get along well with other animals in the house, including cats, ferrets, and other dogs. However, they have no concept of their own relative size and may attempt to dominate dogs much larger than themselves.^[8]

• 
  A brown Griffon Bruxellois with beard and cropped ears
• 
  Griffon Belge
• 
  Petit Brabançon
• 
  Brussels Griffon
• 
  Walter Palmer, Brussels Griffon by Frances C. Fairman, 1899

Griffons should be tested for congenital defects, the most serious of which are Syringomyelia (SM) and Chiari-like malformation (CM).^[9][10] A 2024 UK study found a life expectancy of 13.3 years for the breed compared to an average of 12.7 for purebreeds and 12 for crossbreeds.^[11]

Griffons usually have no trouble whelping on their own, but sometimes complications can necessitate a Caesarean section. The size of a litter is anything from 1–10 puppies (average around 4–5). The size of the litter often determines the extent of these complications. When they are born, the puppies weigh only a few ounces (about 100 grams (3.5 oz)) and are small enough to fit in the palm of an adult's hand.^{[citation needed]}

One issue that is typically fatal for the puppies is having a

Most have large eyes that may require rechecks from a veterinarian.^[citation needed]

• Lacerations –
  Lacerations are a common issue amongst the breed. Because the Griffons have such large eyes and a short snout, there is very little there to protect their vision from foreign bodies. If a laceration is left untreated it can result in blindness.^{[citation needed}
  ]
• Cataracts – As with most breeds,
  cataracts are a common problem as the dog ages. For many breeders it is a disappointment that the cataracts typically develop long after the dog has already been bred.^[12]
• Lens Luxations –
  Lens luxations can be fairly common in the breed and result in secondary glaucoma^[12]
• Glaucoma – Glaucoma can also be a common issue amongst Griffons owing to the breed's facial features and eye size.^[12]

Syringomyelia (SM) is a condition affecting the brain and spine, causing symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to severe pain and partial paralysis. Syringomyelia is characterised by fluid filled cavities within the spinal cord. SM occurs secondary to obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) especially if that obstruction is at the foramen magnum.^{[citation needed]}

Not all dogs with SM have clinical signs. The presence of signs is correlated to the width of the syrinx and extent of spinal cord dorsal horn damage. Syrinxes can progressively expand and a dog which is asymptomatic in early life may eventually experience pain.^{[citation needed]}

Chiari-like malformation (CM) may occur as a predisposing factor to SM. According to a study, 61.7% of Griffons with SM had CM.^[13]

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External links

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