Groovebelly stingray

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Groovebelly stingray
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Subclass: Elasmobranchii
Superorder: Batoidea
Order: Myliobatiformes
Family: Dasyatidae
Genus: Dasyatis
Species:
D. hypostigma
Binomial name
Dasyatis hypostigma

The groovebelly stingray (Dasyatis hypostigma), referred to as the butter stingray by

habitat degradation
is also a concern.

Taxonomy

Hugo Santos and Marcelo de Carvalho formally described the groovebelly stingray in a 2004 volume of Boletim do Museu Nacional, giving it the name Dasyatis hypostigma, from the Greek hypo ("ventral") and stigma ("mark").

Brazilian state of Paraná. Prior to its description, the groovebelly stingray specimens caught off Brazil have been misidentified as either the bluntnose stingray (D. say) or the common stingray (D. pastinaca), neither of which in fact occur in the region.[3]

Distribution and habitat

The groovebelly stingray is found along the coast of southern Brazil from

estuaries.[3]

Description

The groovebelly stingray has a diamond-shaped

papillae in a row across the floor of the mouth. There is a distinctive W-shaped furrow on the underside behind the fifth pair of gill slits; only one other stingray, the pitted stingray (D. matsubarai), shares this feature.[3]

The

denticles are scattered atop the disk around the tail base. The dorsal coloration is yellowish to greenish brown above, becoming more reddish towards the disk margins. The underside is white with dark fin margins, while the tail fin folds are black.[3] This species attains a width of 65 cm (26 in).[5]

Biology and ecology

Older biological information available on the groovebelly stingray is confounded by its historical confusion with other species.

aplacental viviparous: the embryos hatch inside the mother's uterus and are sustained by yolk, later supplemented by histotroph ("uterine milk") delivered by the mother into the embryos' spiracles via trophonemata (villi-like structures). Females have a single functional uterus (on the left). The only pregnant female thus far examined contained two embryos 55–56 mm (2.2–2.2 in) long, which were in an early stage of development.[2]

Human interactions

The groovebelly stingray is one of the most common stingrays

habitat degradation from coastal development, and water pollution. Its conservation status is Endangered.[1]

References

  1. ^
    doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T60154A3090027.en
    . Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  2. ^
    S2CID 32235838
    .
  3. ^ a b c d e Santos, H.R.S.; M.R. de Carvalho (2004). "Description of a new species of whiptailed stingray from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes, Myliobatiformes, Dasyatidae)". Boletim do Museu Nacional (Rio de Janeiro), Zoologia. Nova Série. 516: 1–24.
  4. ^ Santos, H.R.S.; M.R. de Carvalho (January–March 2007). "Application of the "Principle of the First Reviser" to determine the correct spelling for a recently described stingray species from the western South Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes, Myliobatiformes, Dasyatidae)". Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. 65 (1): 17–18.
  5. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2009). "Dasyatis hypostigma" in FishBase. November 2009 version.
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