Guillaume de Joyeuse
Guillaume de Joyeuse | |
---|---|
Seigneur de Joyeuse | |
Châtillon-sur-Loing, Kingdom of France | |
Died | 1 January 1592 Kingdom of France | (aged 72)
Family | Joyeuse |
Spouse(s) | Marie de Batarnay |
Issue | |
Father | Jean Vicomte de Joyeuse |
Mother | Françoise de Voisins, dames d'Arques |
Guillaume de Joyeuse (1520–1592) was a French military commander during the
Early life and family
The Joyeuse family had a long history of service to the French crown by the time Guillaume was born. The son of Jean, Vicomte de Joyeuse and Françoise de Voisins, dames d'Arques he was initially intended for a church career as the younger son. When his brother died he assumed leadership of the family and renounced his church career.[1]
He married Marie de Batarnay and with her had several children, among whom Anne de Joyeuse would become one of Les Mignons of Henri III, and a key favourite of the king, being made duke of Joyeuse in 1581.[2]
Reign of Francis II
Joyeuse warned the young king that he was not sure he could rely on the obedience of his subordinates in the region in the towns of
Reign of Charles IX
Crisis of authority
With fear of Spanish intentions on the rise in 1561, Joyeuse was instructed by
In early 1562, royal commissioners were sent to Languedoc to try to bring the region back into full obedience to the king, the Catholics there complaining of the acts of the Huguenots. Michel Quelain and Jean de la Guesle reported to the crown that with Crussol absent from the province, away in Provence there was great disorder with 'new offences every day'. They hoped that with Joyeuse backing them up militarily they would be able to restore obedience of the king's edicts to the province. However civil war would erupt before they could have much impact.[8]
First civil war
When civil war broke out in 1562, Joyeuse was left to face local Protestant uprisings without the main royal army for assistance. Pope
Second civil war
Joyeuse continued his military activities during the second civil war, travelling up the
Third civil war
The flight south of Condé and the Huguenot nobility in late 1568 saw the viscounts of Languedoc, who had been an active force in both previous civil wars, attempt to bring juncture between their forces and those of the Protestant leadership. Joyeuse, together again with the
Massacre of Saint Bartholomew
As the
Fifth civil war
After the massacre, a faction of the Catholic nobility, known as the politiques began plotting a conspiracy to seize the king and queen mother and overturn the political settlement that ended the fourth civil war. The conspiracy was uncovered, and the
Reign of Henri III
Fifth civil war
At the advent of Henri III's reign, Joyeuse was once more left to face off with the viscounts of Languedoc under Paulin.[21]
Catholic League
As a
Sources
- Baird, Henry (1880). History of the Rise of the Huguenots: Vol 2 of 2. Hodder & Stoughton.
- Harding, Robert (1978). Anatomy of a Power Elite: the Provincial Governors in Early Modern France. Yale University Press.
- Holt, Mack P. (2005). The French Wars of Religion, 1562-1629. Cambridge University Press.
- Roberts, Penny (2013). Peace and Authority during the French Religious Wars c.1560-1600. Palgrave Macmillan.
- Salmon, J.H.M (1975). Society in Crisis: France during the Sixteenth Century. Metheun & Co.
- Thompson, James (1909). The Wars of Religion in France 1559-1576: The Huguenots, Catherine de Medici and Philip II. Chicago University Press.
- Vaissière, Pierre (1926). Messieurs de Joyeuse (1560-1615). Portraits et documents inédits. Albin Michel.
- Wood, James (2002). The Kings Army: Warfare, Soldiers and Society during the Wars of Religion in France, 1562-1576. Cambridge University Press.
Further reading
- Carroll, Stuart (2009). Martyrs and Murderers: The Guise Family and the Making of Europe. Oxford University Press.
References
- ^ a b Vaissière 1926.
- ^ Vaissière 1926, p. 28-29.
- ^ Harding 1978, p. 49.
- ^ Harding 1978, p. 98.
- ^ Harding 1978, p. 50.
- ^ Thompson 1909, p. 125.
- ^ Salmon 1975, p. 134.
- ^ Roberts 2013, p. 57.
- ^ Thompson 1909, p. 157.
- ^ Harding 1978, p. 138.
- ^ Harding 1978, p. 57.
- ^ Harding 1978, p. 59.
- ^ Roberts 2013, p. 114.
- ^ Thompson 1909, p. 348.
- ^ Thompson 1909, p. 396.
- ^ Wood 2002, p. 232.
- ^ Salmon 1975, p. 174.
- ^ Harding 1978, p. 65.
- ^ Baird 1880, p. 574.
- ^ Thompson 1909, pp. 476–483.
- ^ Salmon 1975, p. 198.
- ^ Holt 2005, p. 147.
- ^ Harding 1978, p. 95.