Gyalectales

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Gyalectales
Apothecia of Gyalecta jenensis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Subclass: Ostropomycetidae
Order: Gyalectales
D.Hawksw.
& O.E.Erikss. (1986)
Families

Phlyctidaceae
Gyalectaceae
Sagiolechiaceae

Coenogoniaceae

Trichotheliaceae

Gyalectales is an

fungi in the class Lecanoromycetes. It contains 5 families, 15 genera
and about 550 species.

Taxonomy

The Gyalectales were introduced in a 1974 publication by Aino Henssen and Martin Jahns,[1] but not formally published until 1986 by David Hawksworth and Ove Eriksson.[2]

Phylogeny

An early (2002)

sensu lato included the Gyalectales and Trapeliaceae.[3] Although they had traditionally been considered to be only distantly related, molecular studies suggested a much closer phylogenetic relationship.[4][5] As a result, of the molecular data, Kauff and Lutzoni subsumed the Gyalectales into the Ostropales, as the latter name was published earlier (1932 vs. 1986).[3]

In 2018, Kraichak and colleagues used a recently developed "temporal phylogenetic" approach to identify temporal bands for specific taxonomic ranks. Based on this approach, clades that share a common ancestor between 176 and 194

Mya and a time window of 111–135 Mya correspond to order-level and family-level, respectively. The Gyalectales clade, consisting of the families Trichotheliaceae, Coenogoniaceae, Sagiolechiaceae, Gyalectaceae and Phlyctidaceae, has a crown node that falls within the temporal band for orders. For this reason the name Gyalectales was resurrected to represent the monophyletic clade.[6] Gyalectales itself is placed in Ostropomycetidae, one of two major subclasses in the Lecanoromycetes
.

This proposed classification has been accepted in a later review of the temporal banding method for fungus systematics,[7] as well a 2020 update on ascomycete classification.[8]

Families and genera

This is a list of the families and genera contained within the Gyalectales, based on a 2020 review and summary of ascomycete classification.

taxonomic authority
, year of publication, and (for genera) the number of species:

  • Coenogoniaceae
    Stizenb. (1862)
Coenogonium Ehrenb. ex Nees – ca. 91 spp.
Gyalecta Ach. – 50 spp.
Ramonia Stizenb. – 24 spp.
Semigyalecta Vain. – 1 sp.
Phlyctis (Wallr.) Flot. – 20 spp.
Psathyrophlyctis Brusse – 1 sp.
Rhexophiale Th.Fr. – 1 sp.
Sagiolechia A.Massal. – 3 spp.
Clathroporina Müll.Arg – ca. 25 spp.
Myeloconis P.M.McCarthy & Elix – 4 spp.
Porina Müll.Arg. – ca. 145 spp.
Pseudosagedia (Müll.Arg.) Choisy – 80 spp.
Segestria Fr. – 70 spp.
Trichothelium Müll.Arg. – 40 spp.

References

  1. ^ Henssen, Aino; Jahns, H. Martin (1974). Lichenes. Eine Einfuhrung in die Flechtenkunde (in German). Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag.
  2. ^ Hawksworth, D.L.; Eriksson, O.E. (1986). "The names of accepted orders of ascomycetes". Systema Ascomycetum. 5: 175–184.
  3. ^
    PMID 12383757
    .
  4. PMID 11110913
    .
  5. S2CID 4414913
    .
  6. doi:10.1093/botlinnean/boy060
    .
  7. S2CID 202859785
    .
  8. ^
    hdl:10481/61998
    .
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