HMS Britannia (1762)
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 Great Britain | |
| Name | HMS Britannia |
| Ordered | 25 April 1751 |
| Builder | Portsmouth Dockyard |
| Cost | £45,844/2s/8d |
| Laid down | 1 July 1751 |
| Launched | 19 October 1762 |
| Renamed |
|
| Nickname(s) | Old Ironsides[1] |
| Honours and awards |
|
| Fate | Broken up, 1825 |
| General characteristics [2] | |
| Class and type | first rate ship of the line |
| Tons burthen | 2116 |
| Length | 178 ft (54.3 m) (gundeck) |
| Beam | 51 ft (15.5 m) |
| Depth of hold | 21 ft 6 in (6.6 m) |
| Propulsion | Sails |
| Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
| Complement | 850 officers and men |
| Armament |
|
HMS Britannia was a 100-gun
hulk
, before being broken up in 1825.
Construction
She was ordered on 25 April 1751 from
Portsmouth Dockyard to the draught specified in the 1745 Establishment.[2] She was built by Thomas Bucknall. Her keel was laid down on 1 July 1751 and she was launched on 19 October 1762. The cost of building and fitting totalled £45,844/2s/8d, equivalent to £9,098,599 in 2023. Her main gundeck armament of twenty-eight 42-pounder guns was later replaced by 32-pounders. In the 1790s ten of her quarterdeck guns and two of her forecastle guns were replaced by the same number of 32-pounder carronades. She was third of seven ships to bear the name Britannia
.
Service
Britannia was first
paid off in February the following year. The ship underwent a repair at Portsmouth between May 1788 and September 1790 at the cost of £35,573.[3]
Britannia was recommissioned for the
French Revolutionary War in January 1793, under the command of Captain John Holloway. She was appointed flagship to Vice-Admiral William Hotham, and sailed for the Mediterranean Sea on 11 May. There she fought in the Battle of Genoa on 14 March 1795, and at the Battle of the Hyères Islands on 13 July. In January the following year Holloway was replaced in command by Captain Shuldham Peard as the ship became flagship to Vice-Admiral Hyde Parker, and Peard handed over to Captain Thomas Foley in May. Vice-Admiral Charles Thompson took Britannia as his flagship early in 1797, and as such the ship fought at the Battle of Cape St. Vincent on 14 February, in which she had one man wounded.[3]
In March Captain
windward column of the British fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar, in which she had ten men killed and a further forty-two wounded. Then in 1806 the ship was laid up in the Hamoaze.[3]
On 6 January 1810 Britannia was renamed Princess Royal, and then again to Saint George on 18 January 1812. By 1813 Saint George was
receiving ship and flagship. In March she was recommissioned under the command of Captain James Nash, becoming the flagship of Admiral Sir John Duckworth, Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth. Saint George was paid off in December and renamed to Barfleur on 2 June 1819. Ordered to be broken up after this, the process was completed on 25 February 1825.[2][3]
Notes
- ^ Fraser, Edward 'Old Ironsides' and the third in command in Champions of the Fleet, John Lane, London and New York, 1908
- ^ a b c Lavery, Ships of the Line, vol. 1, p. 173.
- ^ a b c d Winfield (2008), p. 19.
References
- Lavery, Brian (1983) The Ship of the Line – Volume 1: The development of the battlefleet 1650–1850. Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-252-8.
- Winfield, Rif (2008). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-78346-926-0.
External links
Media related to HMS Britannia (ship, 1762) at Wikimedia Commons
