HMS Rorqual (N74)
 HMS Rorqual
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 United Kingdom | |
| Name | HMS Rorqual |
| Builder | Vickers Armstrong, Barrow |
| Laid down | 1 May 1935 |
| Launched | 27 July 1936 |
| Commissioned | 10 February 1937 |
| Fate | Sold on 19 November 1945, broken up on 17 March 1946 |
| Badge |  |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Grampus-class mine-laying submarine |
| Displacement |
|
| Length | 293 ft (89 m) |
| Beam | 25 ft 6 in (7.77 m) |
| Draught | 16 ft 10 in (5.13 m) |
| Propulsion | 2 shaft, Diesel (3300 hp) plus electric (1630 hp) |
| Speed |
|
| Complement | 59 |
| Armament |
|
HMS Rorqual (N74) was a British
Career
Mediterranean
Sent to the
The Italian merchants Caffaro, Ischia and the brand-new Italian merchant Carbonello A. were damaged by mines laid by Rorqual. Rorqual was also active in attacking enemy shipping herself, torpedoing and sinking the Italian tanker Laura Corrado; the Italian submarine
In August 1940 she attacked an Italian convoy, missing the Italian merchants Verace and Doris Ursino with torpedoes. Following this failed attack Rorqual was heavily depth charged by the Italian torpedo boat Generale Achille Papa.
In January 1941 Rorqual attacked the tug Ursus and a floating battery mounted on a lighter. The lighter could not be torpedoed, as she was of too shallow draught for the normal depth setting of the torpedoes, and the only other weapon the Rorqual had was her single 4-inch gun. Rorqual surfaced at about 500 yards range. Her opening attack hit the Ursus and damaged the battery. Heavy fire from the damaged tug forced Rorqual to shift her fire from the battery and engage the Ursus again, forcing her crew to abandon her. Though badly damaged, the floating battery opened fire and forced the Rorqual to dive. She then fired a torpedo set to run on the surface, only to find that the torpedo developed a gyro failure and returned on its own tracks. Rorqual had to dive deep to avoid it. When last seen, the Ursus was sinking and the battery was on fire. The battery however did not sink, and was later towed to Dubrovnik.
Due to her large size and space within the mine casing, Rorqual was well suited to carrying stores and in June 1941, after loading at Alexandria, became the first submarine to carry supplies to the beleaguered island of Malta. In all she performed, at considerable risk to the submarine, 5 storing runs to Malta in 1941 from Alexandria and in 1942 from Beirut. These were known as "magic carpet runs". The supplies consisted mainly of aviation spirit for the Hurricane fighters defending Malta airspace, kerosene for cooking and mail. Passengers were carried in both directions. Also, in October 1943 Rorqual transported from Beirut to the island of Leros an entire battery of 40mm Bofors guns, with a jeep to tow them. This was intended to give some air defence to British troops stranded on the island under attack by German forces.
Far East
Rorqual arrived in the far east in 1945 to operate against the Japanese, serving as part of the British Pacific Fleet. She laid minefields and sank three Japanese sailing craft and three coasters with gunfire, and damaged a fourth coaster.[3]
Post war
By the end of the war, she was the only surviving ship of the Grampus class. She was sold off, and arrived at the yards of Cashmore, Newport for breaking up on 17 March 1946.
References
Bibliography
- Caruana, Joseph (2012). "Emergency Victualling of Malta During WWII". Warship International. LXIX (4): 357–364. ISSN 0043-0374.
- ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
- Frampton, Viktor & Domenico, Francesco de (2015). "Question 13/51: British Submarine Actions of WW II". Warship International. LII (2): 116–118. ISSN 0043-0374.
- Napier, Christopher (2017). HMS Rorqual: Commanded by Lennox Napier DSO DSC: June 1941–December 1943. Friends of the Royal Navy Submarine Museum.
External links
- HMS Rorqual from uboat.net
- [1] HMS RORQUAL – Commanded by Lennox Napier DSO DSC June 1941-December 1943. Christopher Napier