Hastings International Chess Congress
The Hastings International Chess Congress is an annual
In addition to the annual international tournament at the Christmas Congress, Hastings has also hosted international tournaments at irregular intervals in its Summer Congress. The most celebrated of these is Hastings 1895, which featured two world champions and nearly all of the world's best players.
Every World Champion before Garry Kasparov except Bobby Fischer played at Hastings: Wilhelm Steinitz (1895), Emanuel Lasker (1895), José Raúl Capablanca (1919, 1929/30, 1930/1 and 1934/5), Alexander Alekhine (1922, 1925/6, 1933/4 and 1936/7), Max Euwe (1923/4, 1930/1, 1931/2, 1934/5, 1945/6 and 1949/50), Mikhail Botvinnik (1934/5, 1961/2 and 1966/7), Vasily Smyslov (1954/5, 1962/3 and 1968/9), Mikhail Tal (1963/4), Tigran Petrosian (1977/8), Boris Spassky (1965/6), and Anatoly Karpov (1971/2). The only champions to play Hastings while currently holding the title were Lasker at Hastings 1895, Alekhine at the 1933/4 Christmas Congress and Botvinnik in 1961/62.[1][2]
Vera Menchik (Czechoslovakia), who was then the Women's World Champion, was the first woman to play in the Premier section, participating in seven tournaments from 1929/30 through 1936/37. In 1963/4 Nona Gaprindashvili (USSR) won the Challengers section when she also was Women's World Champion, earning a spot in the next years Premier. In the 1964/5 Premier she scored 5/9 to place fifth, beating all of the British masters in the tournament.[3][4] Judit Polgár tied for first place in the 1992/3 Premier tournament.
The 2021/22 edition of the Congress was cancelled due to the Coronavirus pandemic.
The Hastings Variation of the
Premier (Christmas Congress)
History
The first Christmas Congress in 1920/1 was a four player double round-robin of
In 1921/2, the second Congress, the field was still almost entirely British. The lone foreign entrant,
The third Congress in 1922/3, began the event as a truly international competition with four foreign participants in the field of ten. Max Euwe (Netherlands) won with 7.5/9. Except for 1924/5 and during World War II, the tournaments would continue as ten-player events with the field half British, half foreign. In 1968 the field was increased to twelve, and in 1971 it was increased again to sixteen.[3]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Schaaktoernooi_Hastings_1947%2C_Bestanddeelnr_902-5313.jpg/220px-Schaaktoernooi_Hastings_1947%2C_Bestanddeelnr_902-5313.jpg)
The Congress was held in the
The 1961/2 Congress featured World Champion Mikhail Botvinnik, making his first return to Hastings since 1934/5. The 1934/5 Congress was Botvinnik's first tournament outside the Soviet Union and he had finished a disappointing fifth behind
Winners
# Year Winner Name Rating Score 1 1920/21 Frederick Yates(England)2 1921/22 Borislav Kostić(Yugoslavia)3 1922/23 Akiba Rubinstein (Poland)
4 1923/24 Max Euwe (Netherlands)
5 1924/25 Géza Maróczy (Hungary)
Savielly Tartakower (Poland)
6 1925/26 Alexander Alekhine (France)
Milan Vidmar (Yugoslavia)
7 1926/27 Savielly Tartakower (Poland)
8 1927/28 Savielly Tartakower (Poland)
9 1928/29 Edgard Colle (Belgium)
Frank Marshall (USA)
Sándor Takács (Hungary)
10 1929/30 José Raúl Capablanca (Cuba)
11 1930/31 Max Euwe (Netherlands)
12 1931/32 Salo Flohr (Czechoslovakia)
13 1932/33 Salo Flohr (Czechoslovakia)
14 1933/34 Salo Flohr (Czechoslovakia)
15 1934/35 (Czechoslovakia)
16 1935/36 Reuben Fine (USA)
17 1936/37 Alexander Alekhine (France)
18 1937/38 Samuel Reshevsky (USA)
19 1938/39 László Szabó (Hungary)
20 1939/40 Frank Parr (England)
21 1945/46 Savielly Tartakower (France)
22 1946/47 Conel Hugh O'Donel Alexander (England)
23 1947/48 László Szabó (Hungary)
24 1948/49 Nicolas Rossolimo (France)
25 1949/50 László Szabó (Hungary)
26 1950/51 Wolfgang Unzicker (West Germany)
27 1951/52 Svetozar Gligorić (Yugoslavia)
28 1952/53 Harry Golombek (England)
Antonio Medina (Spain)
Jonathan Penrose (England)
Daniel Yanofsky (Canada)
29 1953/54 Conel Hugh O'Donel Alexander (England)
David Bronstein (USSR)
30 1954/55 Paul Keres (USSR)
Vasily Smyslov (USSR)
31 1955/56 Fridrik Olafsson(Iceland)32 1956/57 Svetozar Gligorić (Yugoslavia)
Bent Larsen (Denmark)
33 1957/58 Paul Keres (USSR)
34 1958/59 Wolfgang Uhlmann (East Germany)
35 1959/60 Svetozar Gligorić (Yugoslavia)
36 1960/61 Svetozar Gligorić (Yugoslavia)
37 1961/62 Mikhail Botvinnik (USSR)
38 1962/63 Svetozar Gligorić (Yugoslavia)
Alexander Kotov (USSR)
39 1963/64 Mikhail Tal (USSR)
40 1964/65 Paul Keres (USSR)
41 1965/66 Boris Spassky (USSR)
Wolfgang Uhlmann (East Germany)
42 1966/67 Mikhail Botvinnik (USSR)
43 1967/68 Florin Gheorghiu (Romania)
Vlastimil Hort (Czechoslovakia)
Leonid Stein (USSR)
Alexey Suetin (USSR)
44 1968/69 Vasily Smyslov (USSR)
45 1969/70 Lajos Portisch (Hungary)
46 1970/71 Lajos Portisch (Hungary)
47 1971/72 Anatoly Karpov (USSR)
Viktor Korchnoi (USSR)
48 1972/73 Bent Larsen (Denmark)
49 1973/74 Gennady Kuzmin (USSR)
László Szabó (Hungary)
Mikhail Tal (USSR)
Jan Timman (Netherlands)
50 1974/75 Vlastimil Hort (Czechoslovakia)
51 1975/76 David Bronstein (USSR)
Vlastimil Hort (Czechoslovakia)
Wolfgang Uhlmann (East Germany)
52 1976/77 Oleg Romanishin (USSR)
53 1977/78 Roman Dzindzichashvili (Israel)
54 1978/79 Ulf Andersson (Sweden)
55 1979/80 Ulf Andersson (Sweden)
John Nunn (England)
56 1980/81 Ulf Andersson (Sweden)
57 1981/82 Viktor Kupreichik (USSR)
58 1982/83 Rafael Vaganian (USSR)
59 1983/84 Jonathan Speelman(England)60 1984/85 Evgeny Sveshnikov (USSR)
61 1985/86 Margeir Petursson(Iceland)62 1986/87 Jonathan Speelman(England)63 1987/88 Nigel Short (England)
64 1988/89 Nigel Short (England)
65 1989/90 Sergey Dolmatov (USSR)
66 1990/91 Evgeny Bareev (USSR)
67 1991/92 Evgeny Bareev (Russia)
68 1992/93 Judit Polgár (Hungary)
Evgeny Bareev (Russia)
69 1993/94 John Nunn (England)
70 1994/95 Thomas Luther (Germany)
71 1995/96 Stuart Conquest (England)
Alexander Khalifman (Russia)
Bogdan Lalić (Croatia)
72 1996/97 Mark Hebden (England)
John Nunn (England)
Eduardas Rozentalis (Lithuania)
73 1997/98 Matthew Sadler(England)74 1998/99 Ivan Sokolov (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
75 1999/00 Emil Sutovsky (Israel)
76 2000/01 Stuart Conquest (England)
Krishnan Sasikiran (India)
77 2001/02 Alexei Barsov (Uzbekistan)
Pentala Harikrishna (India)
Krishnan Sasikiran (India)
78 2002/03 Peter Heine Nielsen (Denmark)
79 2003/04 Vasilios Kotronias (Greece)
Jonathan Rowson (Scotland)
80 2004/05 Vladimir Belov (Russia)
81 2005/06 Valeriy Neverov (Ukraine)
82 2006/07 Merab Gagunashvili (Georgia)
Valeriy Neverov (Ukraine)
83 2007/08 Vadim Malakhatko (Belgium)
Nidjat Mamedov (Azerbaijan)
Valeriy Neverov (Ukraine)
84 2008/09 Igor Kurnosov (Russia)
85 2009/10 (England)
2624
2620
2597
252286 2010/11 Deep Sengupta (India)
Arghyadip Das (India)
2558
247687 2011/12 Wang Yue (China)
2697 7.5/9 88 2012/13 Gawain Jones (England)
2644 7.5/10 89 2013/14 (Serbia)
2649
2598
2595
2560
2452
2425
23396.5/9 90 2014/15 Zhao Jun (China)
2585 8.0/9 91 2015/16 Aleksander Mista(Poland)2546
25677.0/9 92 2016/17 Deep Sengupta (India)
2575 7.0/9 93 2017/18 Deep Sengupta (India)
Lou Yiping (China)
2586
24627.0/9 94 2018/19 Sarunas Sulskis (Lithuania)(Ireland)
Daniel Gormally (England)
Martin Petrov (Bulgaria)
Alexander Cherniaev (Russia)
Conor Murphy
2550
2525
2478
2472
2393
23317.0/10 95 2019/20 Magesh Panchanathan(India)2482 7.5/9 96 2020/21 David Howell (England)[10]
2663 9/11 97 2022/23 Sarunas Sulskis(Lithuania)2492 8/10
Summer Congress
# Year Winner 1 1895 Harry Nelson Pillsbury (USA)
2 1919 José Raúl Capablanca (Cuba)
3 1922 Alexander Alekhine (France)
4 1995 Suat Atalık (Turkey)
Hastings 1895 is considered one of the greatest tournaments in the history of chess. It was one of the first tournaments to include all the top players, including former World Champion
The Hastings 1919 "Victory Tournament" was the first international tournament held in an allied country after World War I. The field was chiefly British, but the tournament was dominated by Cuban
Hastings 1922 was a double round-robin with
References
- LCCN 78106371(background and crosstables through 1968/9)
- ^ Congress History at the official website of the Hastings International Chess Congress
- ^ ISBN 0-517-53146-1
- ^ Sunnucks 1970, p. 162
- ISBN 0-19-280049-3
- ^ Sunnucks 1970, p. 161
- ^ Sunnucks 1970, pp. 459–460
- Horowitz, I. A. (February 1962), "The World of Chess: Botvinnik the Invincible", Chess Review, vol. 30, no. 2, p. 35
- ^ Sunnucks 1970, p. 199
- ^ Colodro, Carlos Alberto (11 January 2021). "David Howell dominates Hastings online tournament". Chess News. Retrieved 17 January 2021.
- ^ "Hastings 1922". Chessgames. Retrieved 17 January 2021.
External links
- Official website
- Reports from ChessBase: 2003/04, 2005/06, 2006/07, 2009/10, 2010/11, 2014/15, 2019/20, 2020/21
- Crowther, Mark (11 January 1999), TWIC 218: Hastings 1998-9, The Week in Chess
- Crowther, Mark (7 January 2008), TWIC 687: 83rd Hastings International Congress, The Week in Chess