Henry Grey, 3rd Earl Grey
Victoria | |
---|---|
Personal details | |
Born | 28 December 1802 |
Died | 9 October 1894 | (aged 91)
Nationality | British |
Political party | Whig |
Spouse | Maria Copley (d. 1879) |
Parent(s) | Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey The Hon. Mary Ponsonby |
Henry George Grey, 3rd Earl Grey
Background
Grey was the eldest son of Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, who served as Prime Minister in the 1830s, by his wife The Honorable Mary Ponsonby, daughter of William Ponsonby, 1st Baron Ponsonby.
He matriculated at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1821, graduating with a nobleman's MA in 1823.[1]
Political career
He entered parliament in 1826, under the title of Viscount Howick, as Whig member for Winchelsea, and then briefly for Higham Ferrers before settling for a northern constituency. Northumberland in 1831 was followed by North Northumberland after the Great Reform Act 1832. He remained in the parliaments dominated by his party and later by Lord Melbourne as Prime Minister.[citation needed]
On the accession of the
These repeated resignations gave him a reputation for crotchetiness, which he did not decrease by his disposition to embarrass his old colleagues by his action on free trade questions in the session of 1841.[2]
After being returned unopposed at the first three general elections in
During the exile of the Liberals from power he went still farther on the path of
Becoming colonial secretary in 1846, he found himself everywhere confronted with arduous problems, which in the main he encountered with success. His administration formed an epoch. He was the first minister to proclaim that the colonies were to be governed for their own benefit and not for the mother countries; the first systematically to accord them self-government so far as then seemed possible; the first to introduce free trade into their relations with Great Britain and Ireland. The concession by which colonies were allowed to tax imports from the mother-country ad libitum was not his; he protested against it, but was overruled. In the West Indies he suppressed, if he could not overcome, discontent; in Ceylon he put down rebellion; in New Zealand he suspended the constitution he had himself accorded, and yielded everything into the hands of Sir George Grey. The least successful part of his administration was his treatment of the convict question at the Cape of Good Hope, which seemed an exception to his rule that the colonies were to be governed for their own benefit and in accordance with their own wishes, and subjected him to a humiliating defeat.[2]
Frustrated that plans for a loan to relieve the Irish famine and fund emigration schemes from the area had failed Grey developed his plans for an alternative currency system to the Bank of England central bank model.[7] It became known as a currency board and he set up the first one in cooperation with James Wilson and the Mauritian colonial government in Mauritius.[8][9]
In 1848 Grey was elected to the
After his retirement he wrote a history and defence of his colonial policy in the form of letters to Lord John Russell (Colonial Policy of Lord John Russell's Administration, 1853).
Family
Lord Grey married on 9 August 1832, to Maria, daughter of Sir Joseph Copley, 3rd Baronet of
Legacy
He was author of several books, including:
- Colonial Policy of the Administration of Lord John Russell (1853)[19]
- Parliamentary government considered with reference to a reform of Parliament (1858)
- Parliamentary government considered with reference to a reform of Parliament. A new edition containing suggestions for improvement of our representative system...(1864)[20]
References
- ^ "Grey, Henry [George], Viscount Howick (GRY821HG)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ^ a b c d e public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Grey, Henry Grey, 3rd Earl". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 590. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
- ^ ISBN 0-900178-26-4.
- ^ Craig, p. 295
- ^ "No. 20021". The London Gazette. 24 September 1841. p. 2373.
- ^ See J. R. Thursfield in vol i, and Hon. F. H. Baring in vol xxiii, of the English Historical Review
- ^ Grey, Henry, 3rd Earl (1842). Thoughts on the Currency. London: Ridgeway.
- OCLC 1365041253.)
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: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - OCLC 1078406976.)
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: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - ^ "The Hon. Henry (Earl Grey) Grey". Former members of the Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
- ^ Twomey, Anne (20 April 2013). "Senator Assange? – Constitutional Critique". Blogs.usyd.edu.au. Retrieved 26 April 2013.
- ^ Earl Grey, K.G. (1853). The Colonial Policy of Lord John Russell's Administration, in Two Volumes. Vol. I. London: Richard Bentley. Retrieved 7 November 2009. Full text at Internet Archive (archive.org)
- ^ Earl Grey, K.G. (1853). The Colonial Policy of Lord John Russell's Administration, in Two Volumes. Vol. II. London: Richard Bentley. Retrieved 7 November 2009. Full text at Internet Archive (archive.org)
- ^ Earl Grey, K.G. (1858). Parliamentary Government. Considered with reference to a Reform of Parliament. An Essay. London: Richard Bentley. Retrieved 7 November 2009. Full text at Internet Archive (archive.org)
- ^ Earl Grey, K.G. (1864). Parliamentary Government. Considered with reference to Reform. Containing Suggestions for Improvement of our Representative System, and an Examination of The Reform Bills of 1859 and 1861 (New ed.). London: John Murray. Retrieved 7 November 2009. Full text at Internet Archive (archive.org)
- ^ Earl Grey, K.G. (1888). Ireland. The Causes of its Present Condition, and The Measures Proposed for its Improvement. London: John Murray. Retrieved 7 November 2009. Full text at Internet Archive (archive.org)
- ^ Earl Grey, K.G. (1892). The Commercial Policy of the British Colonies and The McKinley Tariff. London & New York: Macmillan & Co. Retrieved 7 November 2009. Full text at Internet Archive (archive.org)
- ^ Burke's Peerage of Great Britain and Ireland, (1883); Burke's Peerage and Baronetage (1999), p. 1225
- ^ Humphreys, Proportional Representation (1911), p. 69
- ^ List of books on PR (1904) (https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015071101417&view=1up&seq=23)