Horizon (camera)
Overview | |
---|---|
Type | 35 mm swing-lens panoramic |
Released | 1967 |
Lens | |
Lens mount | 28 mm f/2.8 |
Focusing | |
Focus | fixed |
Exposure/metering | |
Exposure | 1/2-1/250 w/o 1/15,1/30 |
Flash | |
Flash | none |
Overview | |
---|---|
Type | 35 mm swing-lens panoramic |
Released | 1989 |
Lens | |
Lens mount | 28 mm f/2.8 |
Focusing | |
Focus | fixed |
Exposure/metering | |
Exposure | 1/2-1/250 w/o 1/15,1/30 |
Flash | |
Flash | none |
General | |
Dimensions | 117.5×146×73 mm, 700 g |
The Horizon (
History
The history of this camera dates back to the
In 1989, the camera was picked up again by KMZ and reworked, especially on the exterior. This time KMZ called the camera Horizon 202. Instead of a metal case, the outside was now made of ABS plastic. The interior workings, however, did not change much. The biggest change was the addition of a second gear, resulting in an additional set of shutter speeds. This left the photographer with 8 speeds to choose from: 1/2 s, 1/4 s, 1/8 s, 1/15 s, 1/30 s, 1/60 s, 1/125 s, and 1/250 s. In latter models the speeds 1/15 s and 1/30 s were dropped in favor of a more evenly running mechanism. Since 2006 it is sold in a stripped down version with only two shutter speeds (1/2 s and 1/60 s) as Horizon Kompakt.[3]
In 2003 an again reworked edition was presented, initially released as Horizon 203 but then called Horizon S3Pro. This upgrade focused on design and performance, leaving the technical specs as they were. In 2005 the
From about 2000 to 2005 a
Technical design
Throughout all its history, the basic technical design remained unchanged: when the shutter button is pressed, a drum carrying the lens is rotating from left to right. Inside the camera through a small slit on the back of the drum, the captured image is projected on the film, which in turn also sits on a curved carrier. By varying the width of the slit, the time each segment of film is exposed to light is changed. With this trick, different shutter speeds can be achieved without changing the rotating speed of the drum. The entire mechanism is powered by a spring. The focus of the lens is fixed to the hyperfocal distance for the 28mm lens at f2.8 (approximately 13m which allows a depth of field from 5.5m to infinity). As the lens is stopped down the near focus limit increase by approximately 1m per stop to f8. F11 and f16 add about 0.5 m each so that by f16 all objects from about 1 meter onwards will be pictured sharp. On 35 mm film, the camera produces frames of a size of 24x58 mm.
-
A negative from the "202" camera
-
Image of Craigie House, Ayr, taken with Horizon 202
See also
References
- ^ "ZENITcamera: Архивы – ФТ" (in Russian).
- ^ Jean Loup Princelle: The Authentic Guide to Russian and Soviet Cameras
- ^ "Soviet and Russian Cameras - Horizon-202". www.sovietcams.com.
- ^ "Lomography - Lomopedia: Horizon S3 Pro". www.lomography.com.
External links
- ZenitCamera memorial site
- Krasnogorsky Zavod official site
- Panoramic photography with the 202
- The Horizon 202 at Alfred's Camera Page
- Horizont User manual (in Russian)
- Horizon-202 User manual (in English)
- Horizon-S3Pro User manual (in English)
- Horizon-205 User manual (in English)