Ibn Shaprut
Ibn Shaprut | |
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Born | 14th century |
Shem-Tob ben Isaac Shaprut of Tudela (
Life
While still a young man he was compelled to debate in public, on original sin and redemption, with Cardinal Pedro de Luna, afterward Antipope Benedict XIII. This disputation took place in Pamplona, December 26, 1375, in the presence of bishops and learned theologians (see his "Eben Boḥan"; an extract, entitled "Wikkuaḥ" in manuscript, is in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, No. 831).
A devastating war which raged in Navarre between the Castilians and the English obliged Ibn Shaprut, with many others, to leave the country. He settled at Tarazona, in Aragon, where he practised his profession of physician among both Jews and Christians. As a Talmudic scholar he carried on a correspondence with Sheshet.
Works and editions
The Touchstone
At
As part of The Touchstone in order to assist the Jews in defense against conversion and polemical writings, Ibn Shaprut edited or translated portions of the Four Gospels into Hebrew, accompanying them with pointed observations; answers to the latter, written by a neophyte named Jona, also exist in manuscript.
En Kol
Ibn Shaprut wrote a commentary to the first book of
The Exposer of Mysteries
He also wrote a super commentary, entitled "Ẓafnat Pa'aneaḥ," to
The Orchard of Pomegranates
One work of Ibn Shaprut has been printed: "Pardes Rimmonim," ( פרדס רימונים ) The Orchard of Pomegranates explanations of difficult Talmudic
"Shem Tob's Hebrew Gospel of Matthew"
Shem-Tob's
In 1879 the German orientalist Adolf Herbst published two other Jewish Hebrew translations of Matthew, also used by Italian and Spanish Jews to combat attempts to conversion, as Des Schemtob ben Schaphrut hebraeische Übersetzung des Evangeliums Matthaei nach den Drucken des S. Münster und J. du Tillet-Mercier neu herausgegeben(Göttingen, 1879). However these two manuscripts have no direct connection to Ibn Shaprut. They are a Spanish manuscript published and heavily edited by the cartographer Sebastian Münster (and now lost) and a related (surviving) Italian Jewish manuscript purchased by Bishop Jean du Tillet and published by the Hebraist Jean Mercier (1555).
Notes
- ISBN 0-86554-442-5
References
- Moritz Steinschneider, Cat. Bodl. cols. 2548-2557;
- idem, Hebr. Bibl. xv. 82, xix. 43;
- Idem, Hebr. Uebers. pp. 689 et seq.;
- Eliakim Carmoly, Histoire des Médecins Juifs, p. 101;
- Giovanni Bernardo De Rossi-C. H. Hamberger, Hist. Wörterb. p. 301;
- Graziadio Nepi-Mordecai Ghirondi, Toledot Gedole Yisrael, p. 352;
- Grätz, Gesch. viii. 23 et seq.;
- Isidore Loeb, La Controverse Religieuse, in Revue de l'Histoire des Religions, xviii. 145 et seq.;
- idem, in R. E. J. xviii. 219 et seq. (with several extracts according to the Breslau MS.);
- Shem-Ṭob ben Isaac of Tortosa)
Bibliography
- José-Vicente Niclós: Šem t.ob ibn Šaprut. «La piedra de toque» (Eben Bohan). Una obra de controversia judeo-cristiana. Introducción, edición crítica, traducción y notas al libro I. Bibliotheca Hispana Bíblica 16. Madrid 1997.
External links
- jewishencyclopedia.com Source
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gottheil, Richard; Kayserling, Meyer (1901–1906). "Ibn Shaprut (Shafrut, not Sport or Sporta), Shem-Ṭob Ben Isaac". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.