Imperial–royal
The adjective kaiserlich-königlich (usually abbreviated to k. k.), German for imperial–royal, was applied to the authorities and state institutions of the
kaiserlich und königlich/k. u. k. ("imperial and royal"). Contrary to the regulations, the Common Army
continued to use the abbreviation k. k. to describe itself until 1889.
Today, the abbreviation k. k. is often loosely replaced by k. u. k. ("k and k"), but the two terms are historically and
King of Bohemia (the Kingdom of Bohemia/Lands of the Bohemian Crown were part of Cisleithania). In k. u. k., the second k. (königlich) referred to the King of Hungary
. Both the titles King of Bohemia and King of Hungary were borne by the Emperor.
The abbreviation h. k. k., which was frequently used in connection with the central ministries, meant "high" imperial–royal (hohes kaiserlich-königliches), e.g. in h. k. k. Ministerium für Kultus und Unterricht, h. k. k. Statthalterei für Tirol und Vorarlberg,[1] h. k. k. Ministerium für Handel und Volkswirthschaft, etc.[2]
Terms used in other languages of the monarchy
| German | Slovak | Czech | Hungarian | Polish | Italian | Slovenian | Ukrainian |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| k. k. – kaiserlich-königlich | c.k. – cisársko-kráľovský | c.k. – císařsko-královský | cs. kir. – császári-királyi | C. K. – cesarsko-królewski | I.R. – Imperiale Regio | c. k. – cesarsko-kraljevi | ц. к. – цісарсько-королівський |
See also
- Croatian–Hungarian Settlement
- King-Emperor – Sovereign title
References
- ^ Die Ameisen von Tirol by Vincenz Maria Gredler, Jos. Eberle'schen, Bozen, 1858, p. 54.
- ^ Programm des Kaiserl.-Königl. Gymnasiums zu Linz: für das Schuljahr 1859/60, Jos. Feichtinger, Linz, 1860, p. 6.