Isoetales

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Isoetales
Isoetes
Pleuromeia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Lycophytes
Class: Lycopodiopsida
Order: Isoetales
Prantl
Families

Chaloneriaceae†
Isoetaceae
Pleuromeiaceae†
Nathorstianaceae†

Isoetales, sometimes also written Isoëtales, is an order of plants in the class Lycopodiopsida.

There are about 140-150 living species, all of which are classified in the genus

velum
), which is used diagnostically to help identify quillwort species. Quillwort species are very difficult to distinguish by general appearance. The best way to identify them is by examining the megaspores under a microscope.

Isoetes are the only living pteridophytes capable of secondary growth.[1]

Fossils

Some authors include the tree-like "aboresecent lycophytes", which formed forests during the Carboniferous period, and often assigned to their own order, Lepidodendrales, within Isoetales.[2]

Fossilised specimens of Isoetes beestonii have been found in rocks dating to the latest Permian-earliest Triassic.[3][4] During the Early Triassic, Isoetales, such as the long-stemmed Pleuromeia were dominant over large areas of the globe.[5] The oldest fossil closely resembling modern quillworts is Isoetites rolandii from the Late Jurassic of North America.[6]

References

  1. S2CID 84969975
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  2. S2CID 238818487
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  3. S2CID 140566050
    .
  4. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2012.03.003
    .
  5. ISSN 2296-6463
    .
  6. PMID 32555586
    .

External links
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