John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby
PC | |
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Lord President of the Council | |
In office 13 June 1711 – 23 September 1714 | |
Monarchs | Anne George I |
Preceded by | The Earl of Rochester |
Succeeded by | The Earl of Nottingham |
In office 13 June 1711 – 1721 | |
6th Duke of Buckingham | |
Personal details | |
Born | 8 September 1647 |
Died | 24 February 1721 (aged 73) |
Nationality | English |
Parent(s) | Edmund Sheffield, 2nd Earl of Mulgrave Elizabeth Cranfield |
Occupation | poet, politician |
John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby,
Life
John Sheffield was the only son of Edmund Sheffield, 2nd Earl of Mulgrave, and succeeded his father as 3rd Earl and 5th Baron Sheffield in 1658.[2]
At the age of eighteen he joined the fleet, to serve in the
In 1682 he was dismissed from the court, apparently for putting himself forward as a suitor for the
During the predominance of the
Works
Buckingham was the author of An Account of the Revolution and some other essays, and of numerous poems, among them the Essay on Poetry and the Essay on Satire. It is probable that the Essay on Satire, which attacked many notable persons, "sauntering Charles" amongst others, was circulated in MS. It was often attributed at the time to
In 1721 Edmund Curl published a pirated edition of his works, and was brought before the bar of the House of Lords for breach of privilege accordingly. An authorized edition under the superintendence of Pope appeared in 1723, but the authorities cut out the Account of the Revolution and The Feast of the Gods on account of their alleged Jacobite tendencies. These were printed at the Hague in 1727. Pope disingenuously repudiated any knowledge of the contents. Other editions reappeared in 1723, 1726, 1729, 1740 and 1753. His Poems were included in Johnson's and other editions of the British poets.[3]
Family
On 18 March 1685, in the chapel of Littlecote House, Ramsbury, Wiltshire, Buckingham married as his first wife Ursula Stawell, a daughter of George Stawell by his marriage to Ursula Austen. She died on 13 August 1697.[4]
He married secondly Catherine Greville, a daughter of Fulke Greville, 5th Baron Brooke, and Sarah (née Dashwood), on 12 March 1698 in St Clement Danes, Westminster. She also died young, on 7 February 1703.[5]
Buckingham married, thirdly, Lady Catherine Darnley (1680 – 13 March 1743), an illegitimate daughter of King James II and Catherine Sedley, on 16 March 1705 in St Martin-in-the-Fields, Covent Garden, London. They had three sons of whom Edmund survived, and succeeded him as 2nd Duke of Buckingham (he died unmarried on 30 October 1735, when all his titles became extinct).[5]
Around 1706, Buckingham sired an illegitimate son, Charles with Frances Stewart,[6] and, then or afterwards, wife of The Hon. Oliver Lambart, younger son of Charles Lambart, 3rd Earl of Cavan. Upon the death of his half-brother Edmund, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, Charles inherited the family estates and was the first of the Sheffield baronets.[7]
Notes
- ^ Carlyle 1897, p. 13.
- ^ Chisholm 1911, pp. 727–728.
- ^ a b c d e Chisholm 1911, p. 728.
- ^ Carlyle 1897, pp. 14–15.
- ^ a b Carlyle 1897, p. 15.
- ^ She is called in Playfair's Baronetage (1811), "S, C, Stewart, afterwards Mrs. Lambert." Her forename, however, was presumably Frances (Cokayne 1906, p. 102).
- ^ Cokayne 1906, p. 102.
References
- Cokayne, George Edward, ed. (1906), Complete Baronetage 1707–1800, vol. 5, Exeter: William Pollard and Co, p. 102
Attribution:
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Carlyle, Edward Irving (1897), "Sheffield, John (1648–1721)", in Lee, Sidney (ed.), Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 52, London: Smith, Elder & Co, pp. 13–15
- public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911), "Buckingham and Normanby, John Sheffield, 1st Duke of", Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 4 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 727–728 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
Further reading
- Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878), Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 4 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, pp. 419–420 ,
- John Sheffield, Duke of Buckingham, The Tragedy of Julius Caesar and the Tragedy of Marcus Brutus, introduction by Michael Wilding, (Shakespeare Adaptations, second series) Cornmarket Press, London, 1970