Josce de Dinan
Josce de Dinan
Background and early life
Following King
All the magnates of England and Normandy were required to declare fealty to Matilda as Henry's heir, but after the king's death in 1135 Stephen rushed to England and had himself crowned before either Theobald or Matilda could react. The Norman barons accepted Stephen as Duke of Normandy, and Theobald contented himself with his possessions in France.
But Matilda was less sanguine, and secured the support of her maternal uncle, the Scottish king David I, and in 1138 also that of her half-brother Robert, Earl of Gloucester, an illegitimate son of Henry I.[b] Nobles in the Welsh Marches revolted against Stephen in 1136, but the revolt was not settled until 1138. In 1139, Matilda invaded southern England with her half-brother's support and the period of civil war began.[7]
Josce was the youngest son of Geoffrey de Dinan and Radegonde Orieldis,[8] and had two older brothers, Oliver of Dinan and Alan of Becherel.[2] Josce's family was from Brittany, and he was described by the historian Marjorie Chibnall as an "obscure Breton adventurer".[9]
Josce moved from Devon in southern England to the Welsh Marches, the border between England and Wales, because the lords of Monmouth were also of Breton extraction. While in the Marches he joined King Stephen's household.[10]
Ludlow Castle
Josce was married to
Custody of Ludlow was contested not only by Stephen but also by
While Josce was absent from Ludlow, Gilbert de Lacy was able to take the castle. Josce laid siege to the castle but was unsuccessful in his attempt to retake it,[17] and retreated to Lambourn with his military forces.[1] Although the exact date of this event is unknown, it appears to have been some time about 1150 or shortly before.[20] Matilda gave Josce some lands around Lambourn after Ludlow's fall as compensation.[21] Later he was given land in Berkshire by King Henry II (became king in 1154), Matilda's son, as further recompense for the loss of Ludlow.[8] In 1156 Josce held lands in Berkshire, Wiltshire, Hampshire, Devonshire and Somerset. These holdings included the manor of Lambourn, worth £76 in income per year, as well as the manor of Stanton (now known as Stanton Fitzwarren in Wiltshire) in addition to the lands scattered in other counties.[22]
Josce's grandson
Family
Josce died in 1166. He was survived by two daughters: Sibil, who married Hugh de Pulgenet and died in 1212, and Hawise who married Fulk fitzWarin, who died in 1197.[8] In 1199 his two daughters petitioned the king regarding the ownership of the town and castle of Ludlow but were turned down.[26]
Notes
- ^ Sometimes known as Joce de Dinan,[1] Josselin de Dinan,[2] Joce de Dynan;[3] Jocelin de Dinan,[4] Joyce de Dinan, or Joceas de Dinan.[5]
- ^ Henry I had more than 20 illegitimate children.[6]
- ^ A bridge located near Ludlow Castle is named Dinham Bridge, and this is often erroneously held to have been named after Josce.[2] The poem Fouke le Fitz Waryn claims the town now known as Ludlow was called Dinham "for a very long time".[12] The derivation of "Dinham" is uncertain, and it has been suggested that the word may be Saxon in origin, though it is possible the town adopted the name from Josce de Dinan.[13]
- ^ The date is determined by the elevation of Gilbert Foliot as Bishop of Hereford, which took place in September 1148.[18]
- ^ Plate in this would refer to his eating utensils, usually made of silver or other precious metals. His birds here would have referred to his hawks or falcons used in falconry.
Citations
- ^ a b c d Chibnall Empress Matilda pp. 123–124
- ^ a b c Jones Family of Dinan, p. 20
- ^ Hathaway, et al. "Introduction" Fouke le Fitz Warin p. xvi
- ^ a b Holden Lords of the Central Marches p. 18
- ^ Burgess "Introduction: The Romance of Fouke Fitz Warin" Two Medieval Outlaws p. 96
- ^ Hollister Henry I p. 41
- ^ Huscroft Ruling England pp. 71–73
- ^ a b c Keats-Rohan Domesday Descendants p. 434
- ^ Quoted in Chibnall Empress Matilda p. 123
- ^ Coplestone-Crow. "From Foundation to the Anarchy" Ludlow Castle: Its History & Buildings p. 27
- ^ Crouch Reign of King Stephen p. 102 and footnote 55
- ^ Coplestone-Crow "From Foundation to the Anarchy" Ludlow Castle: Its History & Buildings p. 21
- ^ Shoesmith Town of Ludlow pp. 9, 11
- ^ Coplestone-Crow "Payn fitzJohn and Ludlow Castle" Shropshire History and Archaeology p. 181
- ^ Burgess "Introduction" Two Medieval Outlaws p. 91
- ^ Coplestone-Crow "Payn fitzJohn and Ludlow Castle" Shropshire History and Archaeology p. 180
- ^ a b Pettifer English Castles p. 212
- ^ a b c Coplestone-Crow "From Foundation to the Anarchy" Ludlow Castle: Its History & Buildings p. 32
- ^ Quoted in Coplestone-Crow "From Foundation to the Anarchy" Ludlow Castle: Its History & Buildings p. 32
- ^ Coplestone-Crow "From Foundation to the Anarchy" Ludlow Castle: Its History & Buildings p. 34
- ^ Chibnall Empress Matilda p. 125
- ^ Jones Family of Dinan p. 28
- ^ Cartlidge Boundaries in Medieval Romance, pp. 29–42
- ^ a b Jones Family of Dinan p. 30
- ^ Hathaway, et al. "Introduction" Fouke le Fitz Warin p. xxviii
- ^ Coplestone-Crow "End of the Anarchy to the de Genevilles" Ludlow Castle: Its History & Buildings pp. 36–37
References
- Burgess, Glyn S. (1997). "Introduction: The Romance of Fouke Fitz Warin". Two Medieval Outlaws: Eustace the Monk and Fouke Fitz Warin. Cambridge, UK: D. S. Brewer. pp. 91–131. ISBN 0-85991-438-0.
- Cartlidge, Neil, ed. (2008). Boundaries in Medieval Romance. Rochester, NY: D. S. Brewer. ISBN 978-1-84384-155-5.
- ISBN 0-631-19028-7.
- Coplestone-Crow, Bruce (1995). "Payn fitzJohn and Ludlow Castle". Shropshire History and Archaeology Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological and Historical Society. LXX: 171–183.
- Coplestone-Crow, Bruce (2000). "From Foundation to the Anarchy". In Shoesmith, Ron; Johnson, Andy (eds.). Ludlow Castle: Its History & Buildings. Logaston Press. pp. 21–34. ISBN 1-873827-51-2.
- Coplestone-Crow, Bruce (2000). "The End of the Anarchy to the de Genevilles". In Shoesmith, Ron; Johnson, Andy (eds.). Ludlow Castle: Its History & Buildings. Logaston Press. pp. 35–44. ISBN 1-873827-51-2.
- Crouch, David (2000). The Reign of King Stephen: 1135–1154. New York: Longman. ISBN 0-582-22657-0.
- Hathaway, E. J.; Ricketts, P. T.; Robson, C. A.; Wilshire, A. D (1975). "Introduction". Fouke le Fitz Warin. Anglo-Norman Texts. Oxford, UK: Basil Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-17000-6.
- ISBN 0-300-08858-2.
- Holden, Brock W. (2008). Lords of the Central Marches: English Aristocracy and Frontier Society, 1087–1265. Oxford Historical Monographs. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-954857-6.
- Huscroft, Richard (2005). Ruling England 1042–1217. London: Pearson/Longman. ISBN 0-582-84882-2.
- Jones, Michael (1987). The Family of Dinan in England in the Middle Ages. Dinan, France: Bibliothèque Municipale. ISBN 2-905952-02-4.
- ISBN 0-85115-863-3.
- Pettifer, Adrian (1995). English Castles: A Guide by Counties. Woodbridge: Boydell. ISBN 0-85115-782-3.
- Shoesmith, Ron (2000). "The Town of Ludlow". In Shoesmith, Ron; Johnson, Andy (eds.). Ludlow Castle: Its History & Buildings. Logaston Press. ISBN 1-873827-51-2.
Further reading
- Dickinson, J. C.; Ricketts, P. T. (1969). "The Anglo-Norman Chronicle of Wigmore Abbey". Transactions of the Woolhope Naturalists Field Club. XXXIX.