Joseph Niou

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Joseph Niou
Born6 January 1749
Rochefort, France
DiedMay 30, 1823(1823-05-30) (aged 74)
Paris, France
NationalityFrench
Occupation(s)Engineer, politician
Known forPolitical activism following the French Revolution

Joseph Niou (6 January 1749, at Rochefort – 30 May 1823, in Paris) was a marine engineer and politician of the French Revolution, serving as the director of shipbuilding.

Life

He was apprenticed as an engineer/builder on 17 May 1766.

After the Revolution, he was a member of the Lodge of Rochefort, and sided with the Révolution and was elected mayor in 1790. He was elected a deputy of the

Louis XVI
.

He was sent as

Dunkerque, he arrested and tried 15 people before the Revolutionary Tribunal. In 1794, he was ordered to reorganise the powder mills at Grenelle in Paris, and was then placed in control of the arming of the Navy. After the Thermidorian Reaction, he was named Représentant to the Mediterranean Fleet. He was present at Toulon during a rebellion, and with the fleet at the Battle of the Hyères Islands
where a ship was lost.

Following the establishment of the French Directory. Niou was elected to the Council of Ancients until prairial an VI (June 1797). He was then named director of naval construction at Lorient. After the establishment of the French Consulate in 1799 he was named to the prize court. On 13 September 1798, Niou was a commissioner for the prisoners of war, and traveled to London to sign an agreement for a prisoner exchange.

As a regicide of Louis XVI he fled France in 1816 following the Bourbon Restoration, living in exile in Belgium for three years until he was permitted to return.

Family

Joseph Niou was the brother of Gaston Niou, Provost Marshal of Rochefort.

He was married on 13 October 1772 at

George Joseph Dufour
, during action against Austrian cavalry. From his marriage to Denise Demareuil, he had a son, Joseph-Louis-Gaston Niou, who died in Paris during 1806.