Jozef Raskin
Jozef Raskin | |
---|---|
Execution by guillotine | |
Nationality | Belgian |
Other names | Leopold Vindictive 200 |
Occupation(s) | Missionary, spy |
Jozef Maria Raskin (21 June 1892 – 18 October 1943) was a Belgian artist, painter, draftsman, and
Early life and education
Jozef Raskin was born in Stevoort, Belgium, in 1892. He was the eldest son of Amandus and Marie Léonie (née Cleeren). He studied in a college in Sint-Truiden and took his vows in 1910 with the CICM Missionaries, a Catholic religious order widely known as the Scheut Missionaries.[6][7][8][9]
World War I
After becoming a deacon on 25 July 1914, Raskin was mobilized into the Belgian army where, due to a shortage of uniforms, he continued to wear his cassock. He was captured on the front lines with the Germans giving him an automatic death sentence, as soldiers disguised as priests were suspected of carrying secret documents, but he successfully escaped from his captors. As a front-line soldier and observer of enemy lines, his skills in drawing were particularly noted.[7][8][9][10]
Missionary in China
After his ordination by the CICM Missionaries on 2 February 1920, he was stationed as a missionary to Inner Mongolia, China, where he became fluent in both the spoken and written Chinese language. While attached to the Apostolic Vicariate of Xiwanzi there, he taught natural sciences. In February 1934 he returned to Belgium and became a writer for his order.[7][8][9][10]
World War II
At the outbreak of World War II, Raskin was drafted as a
Following defeat in the
This message is from Leopold Vindictive 200. Please tell us if you get it in your normal news transmission, – in Dutch twice and in Radio Belgique twice, with the hour of arrival and as soon as you get it. Please say what was unknown to you, only giving the letters of the maps (A.B.C., etc) with "were unknown" or more about "........ is asked for". This information is thoroughly reliable and here is our guarantee or warranty: We are a staff of three principals and Several (? Seven) secondary agents but identify me as follows: – I am the bearded Military Chaplain who shook hands with Admiral Keyes on the morning of 27 May 1940 at about 7.30. Ask the Admiral please where he was exactly at that moment with my most respectful greetings.[13]
Arrest and execution
On 1 May 1942, Raskin was betrayed as a spy by a man dressed as a beggar and was arrested by the Gestapo. While imprisoned awaiting trial, he was described by other prisoners as being "a learned man, uplifting, eloquent, a support and an example" who sang every night, told stories of his years in China, and heard confessions from his fellow inmates. On 31 August 1943 he was tried and convicted, offering as his only defense: Im Gewissen und vor Gott habe ich meine Pflicht getan (In conscience and before God I have done my duty). The following day, 1 September 1943, he was sentenced to death and on 18 October 1943, at 1843 hours, he was guillotined in Dortmund Prison.[3][4][7][8][9]
He was buried in Stevoort.[14][7][8][9]
Memorial
A statue was erected in his honor in Aarschot.[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][7][8][9]
References
- ^ Geert Renckens, Alken (29 April 2007). Headstone of Jozef Raskin (in Dutch). Hasselt. Archived from the original on 10 October 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2016.
- ^ "Jozef Raskin" (in Dutch). Retrieved 22 March 2016.
- ^ a b Raskin Jozef – uit (in Dutch). Retrieved 22 March 2016.
- ^ a b Pater Jozef Raskin (Report). Standbeelden.be. 2 June 2009. Archived from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved 21 March 2016. Note: "Duitsvijandige" is literally German-hostile i.e., hostile to the Germans
- ^ Pater Raskin in de beide wereldoorlogen.
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ignored (help) - ^ a b Raskin, Jozef (1892–1943) (Report). Een encyclopedie over Hasselt. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g De oorlog van Jozef De Vroey (in Dutch). Retrieved 11 April 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g pater raskin in de beide wereldoorlogen de de vroey j priester – Iberlibro. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g Pater Raskin in de beide Wereldoorlogen. – DE VROEY J. PRIESTER. Archived from the original on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
- ^ a b See the #Bibliography
- ^ Jozef Raskin – Soldat, Priester, Widerstandskämpfer – in zwei Weltkriegen (Report). City of Dortmund, Germany. Archived from the original on 1 April 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
- ^ "CIA unveils Cold War spy-pigeon missions". BBC News. 14 September 2019.
- ^ "MI14 Pigeon Service to Occupied Europe". arcre.com. British National Archives. 12 July 1941. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2016.
- ^ 50°54′59.53″N 5°15′2.49″E / 50.9165361°N 5.2506917°E [1] Archived 10 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ 50°59′10.27″N 4°50′13.10″E / 50.9861861°N 4.8369722°E
- ^ "Aarschot – imapictures". smugmug.com. Retrieved 19 March 2016.
- ^ "De Urne met de Asch van Pater Raskin te Stevoort". Het Belang van Limburg (in Dutch). 22 August 2012. pp. 1–2. Retrieved 22 March 2016.
- ^ "Statue of Patar Jozef Raskin". imapictures. Aarschot. Retrieved 22 March 2016.
- ISBN 9789070876333. Retrieved 10 April 2016.
- ISBN 9789020959635. Retrieved 10 April 2016.
- ^ "Raskin Jozef – uit: De Urne met de Asch van Pater Raskin te Stevoort (1945)". hasel.be.
Bibliography
- (in Dutch) Pater M.-J. Raskin (memorial edition). Davidsfonds: Stevoort-Wijer, 1993
- (in Dutch) Pater Raskin in de beide wereldoorlogen, J. de Vroey, Hertogelijke Aarschotse Kring voor Heemkunde, 1992.
- (in Dutch) De eeuw van de ekster. Een Belgisch levensverhaal, Brigitte Raskin, Amsterdam: Meulenhoff, 1994.
- (in Dutch) "Pater Raskin krijgt beeld in geboorteplaats Stevoort". Het Belang van Limburg (in Dutch). 29 September 2008.
- (in Dutch) Raskin Jozef / Leopold Vindictive – uit: Stevoort ... warm aanbevolen: Vroeger en nu (in Dutch). Hasselt. 2002. pp. 20–22. Retrieved 22 March 2016 – via hasel.be.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - (in Dutch) Maarten Snoeks (2006). Wandelen in Stevoort: Wijkwandelingen Erfgoedcel Hasselt (in Dutch).
- (in Dutch) "Pater Raskin krijgt beeld in geboorteplaats Stevoort" (PDF) (in Dutch). Hasselt. Retrieved 21 March 2016.[permanent dead link]
External links
- Jozef Raskin in ODIS - Online Database for Intermediary Structures Archived 28 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine