K-202

K-202
Type	minicomputer
Release date	1970s
Units shipped	30

K-202 was a

Modular One

. Most other minicomputers of the era were significantly slower.

Approximately 30 units were claimed to be produced. All units shipped to M.B. Metals were returned for service. Due to friction resulting from competition with Elwro, a government-backed competitor, the production of K-202 was blocked and Karpiński thrown out of his company under the allegations of sabotage and embezzlement. Sometime later the K-202 had a successor, Mera 400 [pl], hundreds of which were built.

Description

The K-202 was packaged in a metal box similar to other

main memory. A unique feature was a large dial on the right that selected what to display or set, allowing rapid access to the processor registers simply by rotating the dial. A key that turned on the power and unlocked the case was positioned on the right side of the case.^[2]^[a]

The system was designed to be highly expandable. A minimal setup consisted of the

floating point unit (FPU), multiple multi-line programmable input/output systems, and even more than one CPU. At the maximum, it could support 272 I/O interrupt levels.^[3]

The expansion system was designed around two external buses, an 8-bit bus for input/output, and a 16-bit bus for memory and storage.

computer printers that were primarily character oriented. Both could also have multiplexers for custom connections.^[7] Because the buses are not terminated on the CPU, it was also possible to connect several CPU modules to the various modules on the same bus, sharing devices like drives and printers across multiple machines.^[8]

The K-202 was capable of running about one million operations per second; however, its instruction set was not well suited to the typical tasks, making practical performance somewhat lower. In order to reach this level of performance in a physically small machine, the design made use of integrated circuits, which were not available in the required density from Warsaw Pact countries. The required components were sourced from the west through the UK partners.

The K-202 claimed to be the first mini-computer which used the

segmented memory

,. Furthermore, the advertised upper limit of 8 MB of memory was practically unreachable due to signal propagation delays, 144 KB being the largest available configuration. K-202 was based on small- and medium-scale integrated circuits.

Multiprogramming
Multiprocessing
16-bit word
More than 90 instructions
7 universal registers
16 ways of determining argument
Operating memory of up to 4 million words
Direct addressing of up to 64k words
Autonomic data exchange with operating memories at the speed of 16 Mbit/s [note: i.e. 1M words/s]
Implementation method – TTL/MSI integrated circuits
Memory cycle 0.7 μs
Processing speed of 1 million operations/second

Notes

^ The location of the keyswitch moved at some point. The original manual shows the switch on the right face of the box, while the images here show it in the lower right of the front face.

References

Citations

^ Data-Loop
^ Modular 1971, p. cover.
^ Modular 1971, p. 1.
^ Modular 1971, p. 3.3.
^ Modular 1971, p. 3.4.
^ Modular 1971, p. 3.5.
^ Modular 1971, pp. 2–3.
^ Modular 1971, p. 3.

Bibliography

K202 modular computer system (PDF). MB Metals. 1971.
Kepa, Marek (7 August 2017). "The Computer Genius the Communists Couldn't Stand". Culture.pl.

Description

Notes

References

Citations

Bibliography

Further reading