Kazimierz Fajans
Kazimierz Fajans | |
---|---|
Warsaw, Poland | |
Died | 18 May 1975 Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States | (aged 87)
Known for | |
Scientific career | |
Institutions | University of Michigan University of Manchester |
Doctoral students | Theodore H. Berlin |
Kazimierz Fajans (Kasimir Fajans in many American publications; 27 May 1887 – 18 May 1975) was a
Education and career
Fajans was born May 27, 1887, in Warsaw, Congress Poland, to a family of Jewish background.[1] After he had completed secondary school in Warsaw (1904), he studied chemistry in Germany, first at the University in Leipzig, and then in Heidelberg and Zürich. In 1909 he was awarded his PhD for research into the stereoselective synthesis of chiral compounds.
In 1910 Fajans took a job at the laboratory of
Fajans retired at age of seventy but never stopped working. He died May 18, 1975, in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Scientific work
Fajans worked with
In 1919, Fajans began researching the structure of crystals by thermochemical and refractometric methods. The co-relation of Born, Fajans and Haber is a basic thermochemical rule. On the basis of his research data Fajans formulated the essential relationships concerning chemical bond strength and deformation of ions and particles, such as heat of ion hydration, refractive index and the
In the United States he researched nuclear reactions using a cyclotron and discovered a radioactive lead isotope with Voigt, and a new rhenium isotope with Sullivan. He developed the quantum theory which explained chemical bonding through electrostatic impacts between quanta and nuclear cores. He was a member of the Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences in America and of many societies and academies.
Bibliography
- 1913 - Radioactive Transformations and the Periodic System of the Elements
- 1941 - Artificial radioactive isotopes of Thallium, Lead and Bismuth
- 1947 - Application of the resonance theory to the structure of the water molecule
- 1948 - Electronic structure of molecules
See also
- Radioactivity
- Timeline of Polish science and technology
References
- ^ The Jews in Polish culture, Aleksander Hertz, Northwestern University Press, 1988, page 236
- ^ "President of honour and honorary members of PTChem". Retrieved 23 February 2020.
- doi:10.1038/244137a0.
- "Kasimir Fajans". Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 7 (5): 402–404. May 1966. PMID 5328478.
Further reading
- Hurwic, Józef (2000). Kasimir Fajans : (1887–1975) : Lebensbild eines Wissenschaftlers (in German). Berlin. ISBN 978-3-928577-37-3.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - Hurwic, Józef (1987). "Reception of Kasimir Fajans's quanticule theory of the chemical bond: A tragedy of a scientist". Journal of Chemical Education. 64 (2): 122. OCLC 4666664486.
- Hurwic, Józef. "Badania Kazimierza Fajansa w dziedzinie promieniotwórczości i izotopii". Kwartalnik Historii Nauki I Techniki / Kvartal'nyj Zurnal Istorii Nauki I Techniki = Quarterly Journal of the History of Science and Technology = Revue Trimestrielle d'Histoire de la Science et de la Technique (in Polish). OCLC 13055784.
- Dunn, Thomas M. (19 February 1976). "Kasimir Fajans". Nature. 259 (611): 611. doi:10.1038/259611a0.