Kullawada
Origin | Discussed between Bolivia and Peru |
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The Kullawada, kullahuada, cullaguada or kullawa is a dance practiced in Bolivia and Peru and there is controversy about the origin of the dance between Bolivia and Peru. The name of the dance derives from the word kullawa ("sister" in English), in reference to its dancers. In Bolivia, kullawada is danced mainly in the Carnaval de Oruro, the Fiesta del Gran Poder, the Festividad de la Virgen de Urkupiña and the Festividad de Chutillos.[1] In Peru the dance is represented in the Fiesta de la Candelaria.[2]
Origin
The origin of the dance is controversial and is discussed between researchers from Bolivia and Peru:
Bolivian arguments
According to the Bolivian position, the Kullawada dance originated exclusively in Bolivia in the city of
The Kullawada dance originated in the city of La Paz as an allegory to spinners who worked in the Obrajes textile factories located in the city of La Paz.[4][5]
Kullawada dance is practiced in
Peruvian arguments
According to the Peruvian version, the dance of the "Kullawas", also known as "Kullawada", dates before the formation of the current countries to Inca times and is linked to the activity of ancient spinners and weavers. Some historians maintain that this dance belonged to the
It is documented that these spinners and embroiderers had a presence in Puno, and that part of this community migrated to Lima: "... the characteristic hat of that time had a rectangular shape, there was the Kullawa Achachi, later these embroiderers went to Lima and not I know more about them".[11]
Initially the costumes were simple, with silver embroidery touches that made them look very elegant. In colonial times Westerners persecuted Andean culture in a war against idolaters. Later, under the republican, kullawas were reborn again as a dance of spinners and it became a ritual dance. Centuries later it became a dance of ostentation and economic power, turning the costume even more pompous, including pearls, gold leaf, silver and gold threads.[citation needed]
References
- ^ "Kullawada - Oruro Carnival Dance". BoliviaTravelSite.
- ISBN 9789871037087. Retrieved 8 September 2020.
- ^ Adm53 (23 August 2020). "Comunidad Collagua". porlatierra.org (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 August 2020.
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: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ISBN 9789995423131.
- ^ "La zona Sur vistió a la colonia" (in Spanish). www.paginasiete.bo=es. 23 August 2020. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
- ^ Americo Valencia Chacon. "Reconocimiento de la Festividad de la Candelaria" (in Spanish).
- ^ Roberto Valencia Melgar (1968). "PUNO ¿Capital folklorica del Perú?, Diario Los Andes de Puno" (in Spanish).
- ^ "HISTORIA DE LA KULLAWADA" (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 September 2020.
- ^ Alvarez, Félix (1990). Danzas típicas del Perú (in Spanish). p. 85. Retrieved 8 September 2020.
- ^ "KULLAWA" (in Spanish). raicesperumadrid.com. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 8 September 2020.
- ^ Mendoza, Alcira (2009). Virgen de la Candelaria: aproximaciones científicas a su dinámica festiva (in Spanish). Puno: Universidad Nacional del Altiplano. p. 75. Retrieved 8 September 2020.