Léon Teisserenc de Bort

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Léon Teisserenc de Bort
Léon Teisserenc de Bort
Born
Léon Philippe Teisserenc de Bort

(1855-11-05)5 November 1855
Paris, France
Died2 January 1913(1913-01-02) (aged 57)
Cannes, France
NationalityFrench
Known forstratosphere
AwardsSymons Gold Medal (1908)
Scientific career
FieldsMeteorology

Léon Philippe Teisserenc de Bort (5 November 1855 in

aerology. Together with Richard Assmann (1845-1918), he is credited as co-discoverer of the stratosphere, as both men announced their discovery during the same time period in 1902.[1]
Teisserenc de Bort pioneered the use of unmanned instrumented
lapse rate reaches zero, known today as the tropopause
.

Early life and career

He was the son of an engineer. He began his scientific career in 1880, when he entered the meteorological department of the Bureau Central Météorologique (Administrative Centre of National Meteorology, a department of the French government) in Paris under E. E. N. Mascart. In 1883, 1885 and 1887 he made journeys to North Africa to study geology and terrestrial magnetism, and during this period published some important charts of the distribution of pressure at a height of 4,000 metres. Between 1892 and 1896, Teisserenc de Bort was chief meteorologist to the Bureau.[2]

Instrumented balloons pioneer

After his resignation from the Bureau in 1896, he established a private meteorological observatory in

Versailles. There he carried out investigations on clouds and the problems of the upper air. He conducted experiments with high-flying instrumented hydrogen balloons and was one of the first people to use such devices.[2][3]

In 1898, Teisserenc de Bort published an important paper in Comptes Rendus detailing his researches by means of balloons into the constitution of the atmosphere.

solar radiation
). That is why Teisserenc de Bort carried out 200+ more balloon experiments (with a substantial part of them being held during the night to eliminate radiative heating) until 1902, when he suggested that the atmosphere was divided into two layers.

Troposphere and stratosphere

During the years that followed, he named the two

layers of the atmosphere known as the "troposphere" and the "stratosphere
". This naming convention has since been maintained, with (higher-altitude) layers that were subsequently discovered being given names of this sort. After Teisserenc de Bort's death in 1913, the heirs donated the observatory to the state so that the research tasks could be continued.

Additional investigations

He also carried out investigations near Viborg in

Hugo Hildebrandsson in Les bases de la météorologie dynamique (1907).[2]

Named after him

See also

References

  1. ^ [1] Ultraviolet radiation in the solar system By Manuel Vázquez, Arnold Hanslmeier
  2. ^ a b c d Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922). "Teisserenc de Bort, Léon Philippe" . Encyclopædia Britannica (12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company.
  3. ^ "Teisserenc de Bort a life in Meteorology" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-27. Retrieved 2008-08-31.
  4. ^ Léon Philippe Teisserenc de Bort, Hugo Hildebrand Hildebrandsson, H. Maurice, Ragnar Holm & Martin Jansson, Travaux de la Station Franco-Scandinave de Sondages Aériens à Hald 1902-1903, 1904.

External links

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