Lemuel R. Custis

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Lemuel R. Custis
Born
Lemuel Rodney Custis

June 4, 1915
Hartford County
Alma materHoward University, University of Connecticut's School of Law (did not finish)
Occupations
  • Military officer
  • fighter pilot
  • Chief Tax Official
Years active1943–1946

Lemuel Rodney Custis (June 4, 1915 – February 24, 2005) was a

332nd Fighter Group's 99th Fighter Squadron, best known as the Tuskegee Airmen.[1] He was one of the 1,007 documented Tuskegee Airmen Pilots.[2]

Custis was Hartford, Connecticut's first African American police officer.[3][1][4]

Custis was the first African American combat fighter pilot in the US military, sharing this distinction with cadet classmates Captain Benjamin O. Davis Jr., future Tuskegee Airmen Commander and future U.S. four-star general; 2nd Lt. George S. Roberts ("Spanky" Roberts)(September 24, 1918 - March 8, 1984); 2nd Lt. Charles DeBow (Feb 13, 1918 – April 4, 1968);[5] and 2nd Lt. Mac Ross (1912-1944)[6][1] Being among the first five to graduate, they "drew the most sustained attention from the press and the black community as a result."[7]

Custis was the last surviving member of this original African American US military combat fighter pilots.[1]

Early life

Custis was born June 4, 1915, in

African Americans from Virginia, Charles Custis moved to Hartford, Connecticut, after the Civil War, becoming a night elevator operator, day elevator operator, and janitor at insurance giant Aetna. Impressed by Charles, Aetna President Morgan Bulkeley offered him a position as a personal assistant. After Bulkeley had died, the successor President, Morgan B. Brainard
retained Charles as a personal assistant who would continue in this role until his death at age 90.

Lemuel Custis attended

Hartford's public school education, graduating from its high school. In 1938, Custis graduated from Howard University with a Bachelor of Science Degree. In 1939, he returned to Hartford with hopes to obtain employment with one of Hartford's insurance conglomerates. In 1940, Custis became Hartford, Connecticut’s first African-American police officer, serving as a beat officer.[1][4] After Custis suddenly left the Hartford Police Department, members of Hartford's black community wondered whether the system found a way to rid Custis from the police force. Months later, they were relieved when the Pittsburgh Courier, one of America's most prominent African American newspapers, published an article showing Custis with the inaugural Tuskegee pilot class 42-C-SE graduates on March 6, 1942.[4]

Custis was married to Ione Custis until her death in 1991.[8]

Military career

Custis left the Hartford Police Department to enlist in the

Tuskegee Army Air Field, Class 42-C-SE.[1]

On March 6, 1942, Custis and three other cadets and one student officer graduated from the program: Captain

U.S. Army Air Corps pilots. Custis was the last surviving member of the first Tuskegee Airmen aviation cadet class.[1][9][10]

Custis served as the 99th Fighter Squadron's Squadron Operations Officer. He flew 92 missions in

Rome, Italy from the Axis, Custis shot down an enemy German Focke-Wulf 190 aircraft, earning Custis an official victory and the prestigious Distinguished Flying Cross.[1] During the battle, Custis's squadron mates shot down five out of 15 German Focke-Wulf 190s without incurring any losses of their own.[1]

The U.S. Army Air Force transferred Custis back to Tuskegee where he served as an advanced flight instructor.[1] In 1946, Custis received an honorable discharge from active duty, retiring with the rank of Major.[1]

Post-Military Career

In 1951, Custis enrolled at the

UConn Law to work with the State of Connecticut Tax Department.[11] In 1975, he became the State's first African American chief of sales tax. In 1982, he retired as the Tax Department's Chief Examiner after a 30-year career.[11][1] In 1995, he served as a film consultant for HBO's The Tuskegee Airmen.[1]

Custis was a member of the Windsor Locks, Connecticut New England Air Museum's Board of Directors.[1][11] He also served as an advisor to the Connecticut Aeronautical Historical Association.[11]

In 1996, Custis attended the 25th Annual National Convention of Tuskegee Airmen in

Seattle, Washington.[11]

Honors

In 2001, Central Connecticut State University awarded Custis an Honorary Doctorate of Humanities.[1]

Death

Custis died on February 24, 2005, at the Brookview Health Care Center in

Hartford County.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Caf Rise Above. "Lemuel R. Custis." https://cafriseabove.org/lemuel-custis/
  2. ^ "Tuskegee Airmen Pilot Roster". CAF Rise Above. CAF Rise Above. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  3. ^ Cedar Hill Cemetery Foundation. "Lemuel R. Custis - 1915 – 2005."
  4. ^ a b c THE HARTFORD COURANT. "LEMUEL CUSTIS DIES; LEADER IN BLACK ACHIEVEMENT." DAVID OWENS; Courant Staff Writer. March 2, 2005. https://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-xpm-2005-03-02-0503020618-story.html
  5. ^ Caf Rise Above. "Charles Henry DeBow Jr."
  6. ^ Caf Rise Above. "Mac Ross."
  7. ISBN 9781579122539
    . Lieutenants Lemuel Custis, Charles DeBow, George Roberts, and Mac Ross were the first four to graduate, in March of 1942, and drew the most sustained attention from the press and the black community as a result.
  8. ^ a b Hartford Courant. Obituary: "CUSTIS, LEMUEL RODNEY. March 5, 2005. https://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-xpm-2005-03-03-0503020748-story.html
  9. ^ "Air Force Historical Support Division > Home" (PDF). Retrieved 7 February 2017
  10. ^ "TUSKEGEE AIRMEN CHRONOLOGY." DANIEL L. HAULMAN. ORGANIZATIONAL HISTORY BRANCH. AIR FORCE HISTORICAL RESEARCH AGENCY. MAXWELL AFB, AL 36112-6424. 14 November 2011. https://www.tuskegee.edu/Content/Uploads/Tuskegee/files/TUSKEGEE_AIRMEN_CHRONOLOGY12.2011.pdf
  11. ^ a b c d e CT Freedom Trail.org. "Lemuel R. Custis.." http://www.ctfreedomtrail.org/resource-library/site-of-the-month?month=2011-11
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