List of Israelite civil conflicts
This is a list of intra-Israelite conflicts.
Biblical period
- Eli-Pincus conflict (approx 1400 BCE) – a civil war broke out between Eli son of Yafni, of the line of Ithamar, and the sons of Pincus (Phinehas), because Eli son of Yafni resolved to usurp the High Priesthood from the descendants of Pincus.[1]
- tribes of Israel. Outraged by the incident, the Israelite tribes swear that none shall give his daughter to the Benjamites (or Benjaminites) for marriage, and launch a war which nearly wipes out the clan, leaving only 600 surviving men.[3]
- Abimelech's Tyranny (1129 – 1126 BCE) – King Abimelech engaged in war with his own subjects, including the Battle of Shechem. [4][5][6]
- Battle of the Wood of Ephraim (1020 B.C.) – was a military conflict between the rebel forces of the formerly exiled Israelite prince Absalom against the royal forces of his father King David.[7][8][9][10]
Second Temple and Roman period
- Hasmonean-Samaritan conflict (113–110 BCE) – Beginning in 113 BCE, Hyrcanus began an extensive military campaign against Samaria. Ultimately, Samaria was overrun and totally destroyed. The inhabitants of Samaria were then put into slavery. [11][12] After these victories, Hyrcanus went north towards Shechem and Mount Gerizim. The city of Shechem was reduced to a village and the Samaritan Temple on Mount Gerizim was destroyed.[11] This military action against Shechem has been dated archaeologically around 111–110 BCE.[13]
- Zealots, Eleazar and Alexander, they invaded Samaria and began a massacre. Cumanus led most of his troops against the militants, killing many and taking others prisoner, and the Jewish leaders from Jerusalem were subsequently able to calm most of the others, but a state of guerrilla warfare persisted.[14]
- assassins.[15][16] The Sicarii were involved in the murder of High Priest Jonathan and also committed a series of atrocities in an attempt to incite the population into war against Rome. In one account, given in the Talmud, they destroyed the city's food supply, using starvation to force the people to fight against the Roman siege, instead of negotiating peace. Josephus also wrote that the Sicarii raided nearby Hebrew villages including Ein Gedi, where they massacred 700 women and children.[17][18][19]
- Persecution of Bar Kochba for refusing to recognize his messianic claims.[20] According to the Haran Gawaita, Nasoraean Mandaeans fled Jerusalem before its fall in 70 CE due to persecution by a faction of Jews.[21]
References
- ^ Anderson & Giles 2002, p. 11–12.
- ISBN 9781118710746. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
- ^ Judges 19:2
- ^ Berlin & Brettler 2014, pp. 1127 & 1128.
- ^ Hancock 2013, p. 134.
- ^ Schneider 2000, pp. 147 & 148.
- ^ "Espionage and the Jews". Haarezt. Elon Gilad. Nov 12, 2013.
- ^ 2 Samuel 15:27–29, 15:34–36
- ^ "David". www.Bibler.org.
- ^ 2 Samuel 18:8 NIV
- ^ ISBN 9780199730049.
John Hyrcanus I, who embarked upon further territorial conquests, forcing the non-Jewish populations of the conquered regions to adopt the Jewish way of life and destroying the Samaritan temple on Mount Gerizim.
. - .
- ^ Sievers, 142
- ^ Josephus, War 2.234-238; Antiquities 20.120-124. See also Smallwood, pp. 267–268.
- ^ Smallwood 2001, pp. 281f.
- ^ Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, Book XX 9.
- ^ Murphy-O'Connor, Jerome; Cunliffe, Barry. The Holy Land. Oxford Archaeological Guides (5th ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 378–381.
- ^ Josephus, Wars of the Jews, Book IV 7-2.
- ^ Ancient battle divides Israel as Masada 'myth' unravels; Was the siege really so heroic, asks Patrick Cockburn in Jerusalem, The Independent, 30 March 1997
- ^ Henry Wace & William Piercy (1911). A Dictionary of Early Christian Biography. Retrieved 1 August 2007.
- ISBN 9781451416640.(pp94-11). Minneapolis: Fortress Press
Works cited
- Anderson, Robert T.; Giles, Terry (2002). The Keepers: An Introduction to the History and Culture of the Samaritans. Hendrickson Publishing. ISBN 978-1-56563-519-7.
- Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Marc Zvi (2014). The Jewish Study Bible (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19939387-9.
- Hancock, Rebecca S. (2013). Esther and the Politics of Negotiation: Public and Private Spaces and the Figure of the Female Royal Counselor. Fortress Press. ISBN 978-1-45146986-8.
- Josephus (1737) [75]. "Wars of the Jews". The Genuine Works of Flavius Josephus the Jewish Historian. translated by William Whiston. London.
- Josephus (1737) [93]. "Antiquities of the Jews". The Genuine Works of Flavius Josephus the Jewish Historian. translated by William Whiston. London.
- Schneider, Tammi J. (2000). Berit Olam: Studies In Hebrew Narrative And Poetry: Judges. Liturgical Press. ISBN 978-0-81465050-9.
- Smallwood, E.M. (2001). The Jews Under Roman Rule: From Pompey to Diocletian : a Study in Political Relations. Biblical Studies and Religious Studies. Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN 978-0-391-04155-4.