List of rulers of Bithynia
This is a list of kings of Bithynia, an ancient kingdom in northwestern Anatolia.
Before
List
- Doedalsus (Ancient Greek: Δυδαλσοῦ τηνικαῦτα τὴν Βιθυνῶν ἀρχὴν ἔχοντος·). Andrew Smith (2004) translated this as "when Doedalsus was the ruler of the Bithynians."[3] The only other mention of this person is found in Strabo's Geographica 12.4.2,[5] where his name is spelt as ̇Δοιδαλσοῦ, but he is not identified with the Bithynians, only with the city of Astacus.[5] Slavova (2015) called him a "Bithynian king".[5] According to Olmstead (2022), he was "the first-known semi-independent king of Bithynia".[4]
- Boteiras d. c. 376 BCE. He is mentioned only by Memnon as a successor of Dudalsos.[3]
- Ancient Greek: Τούτου βίος μὲν ἐγεγόνει ἐτῶν αʹ καὶ οʹ, ὧν ἐβασίλευσε νʹ.. Smith (2004) translated this passage as: "He lived for 71 years, and was king for 50 years."[3]
- Zipoetes II 278–276 BC
- Ancient Greek: ὁ τῆς Βιθυνίας βασιλεὺς Νικομήδης); Smith (2004) rendered basileus as "king".[3]
- Etazeta (regent) 255–254 BC
- Ziaelas 254–228 BC
- Prusias I Cholus 228–182 BC
- Prusias II Cynegus 182–149 BC
- Nicomedes II Epiphanes 149–127 BC
- Nicomedes III Euergetes 127–94 BC
- Nicomedes IV Philopator 94–74 BC
- Socrates Chrestus who ruled briefly in about 90 BC
The coinage of these kings show their regal portraits, which tend to be engraved in an extremely accomplished Hellenistic style.[6]
Family tree of kings of Bithynia
| Boteiras | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bas king of Bithynia c. 376–326 BC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Zipoetes I king of Bithynia c. 326–276 BC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nicomedes I king of Bithynia c. 276–255 BC | Zipoetes II king of Bithynia c. 279–276 BC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ziaelas king of Bithynia c. 254–228 BC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Apama III Antigonids | Prusias I the Lame king of Bithynia c. 228–182 BC | daughter ∞ Antiochus Hierax Seleucids | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Apame IV | Prusias II the Hunter king of Bithynia c. 182–149 BC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nicomedes II Epiphanes king of Bithynia c. 149–127 BC | Apama ∞ Dyegilos son of Cotys IV of Thrace | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mithridates V of Pontus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nicomedes IV Philopator king of Bithynia c. 94–74 BC | Socrates Chrestus usurper | Nyssa of Bithynia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See also
Notes
References
- ^ a b c Williams 1990, p. 10.
- ^ The Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge: Bassantin - Bloemaart, Volume 4 Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge Knight, 1835 p. 470
- ^ a b c d e f g h Smith 2004, Chapters 1–21.
- ^ a b Olmstead 2022, p. 344.
- ^ a b c d Slavova, Mirena (2015). "The Thracian Diphthong /oi/ Revisited". Studia classica Serdicensia: 144–145. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
- ^ Asia Minor Coins - regal Bithynian coins
Bibliography
- Williams, Wynne, ed. (1990). Correspondence with Trajan from Bythinia (Epistles X, 15–121). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 159. ISBN 9780856684081. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
- Olmstead, A. T. (2022). History of the Persian Empire. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 600. ISBN 9780226826332. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
- "Memnon: History of Heracleia". attalus.org. Translated by Smith, Andrew. 2004. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
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