Mandanu
Mandanu | |
---|---|
God of justice | |
Major cult center | Babylon |
Personal information | |
Spouse | Gula |
Mandanu or Madanu.
Character
Mandanu's name was written as either
According to the god list
Associations with other deities
In two passages of the topographical text Tintir = Babilu, Mandanu appears alongside the god Muštēšir-ḫablim, elsewhere described as "the ugallu (a lion-like mythical being) of Babylon."[4] It has been proposed that he was a similar judge deity.[5] He might have represented one of Marduk's weapons.[4] In Šurpu, Mandanu instead appears alongside Enlil's guzalû Ennugi.[6]
Andrew R. George proposes that in Babylon, Mandanu functioned as the spouse of Gula.[7] Irene Sibbing-Plantholt notes that apparently he took the role of Ninurta in relation to this goddess in Babylon.[8]
Manfred Krebernik argues that while well attested as a courtier of Marduk, Mandanu might have originally belonged to the circle of Enlil, citing the occasional equation with Nuska as possible evidence.[9]
Worship
The oldest attestations of Mandanu postdate the end of the
In inscriptions of
While Mandanu is absent from the Weidner god list or the Nippur god list,[1] tablet VII of An = Anum contains only various names attributed to him or to Marduk.[20] It is assumed that it was a late addition.[21]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h Krebernik 2008, p. 356.
- ^ a b George 1992, p. 413.
- ^ a b Lambert 2013, p. 138.
- ^ a b c George 1992, p. 293.
- ^ a b Krebernik 2008, p. 357.
- ^ a b c George 1992, p. 305.
- ^ George 1992, p. 105.
- ^ Sibbing-Plantholt 2022, p. 85.
- ^ Krebernik 2008, pp. 356–357.
- ^ Bartelmus 2017, p. 311.
- ^ Krul 2018, p. 71.
- ^ Frame 1995, p. 282.
- ^ a b George 1993, p. 137.
- ^ George 1993, pp. 136–137.
- ^ George 1992, pp. 304–305.
- ^ George 1992, p. 90.
- ^ George 1993, p. 132.
- ^ George 1992, p. 55.
- ^ George 1993, p. 136.
- ^ Litke 1998, p. 97.
- ^ Litke 1998, pp. 3–4.
Bibliography
- Bartelmus, Alexa (2017). "Die Götter der Kassitenzeit. Eine Analyse ihres Vorkommens in zeitgenössischen Textquellen". Karduniaš. Babylonia under the Kassites. De Gruyter. pp. 245–312. ISBN 9781501503566.
- Frame, Grant (1995). "Sūḫu". Rulers of Babylonia.From the Second Dynasty of Isin to the End of Assyrian Domination (1157-612 BC). The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-1-4426-5705-2.
- George, Andrew R. (1992). Babylonian Topographical Texts. Orientalia Lovaniensia analecta. Departement Oriëntalistiek. ISBN 978-90-6831-410-6. Retrieved 2022-08-29.
- George, Andrew R. (1993). House most high: the temples of ancient Mesopotamia. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns. OCLC 27813103.
- Krebernik, Manfred (2008), "Richtergott(heiten)", Reallexikon der Assyriologie (in German), retrieved 2022-09-01
- Krul, Julia (2018). The Revival of the Anu Cult and the Nocturnal Fire Ceremony at Late Babylonian Uruk. Brill. ISBN 9789004364936.
- Litke, Richard L. (1998). A reconstruction of the Assyro-Babylonian god lists, AN:dA-nu-um and AN:Anu šá Ameli (PDF). New Haven: Yale Babylonian Collection. OCLC 470337605.
- Lambert, Wilfred G. (2013). Babylonian creation myths. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns. OCLC 861537250.
- Sibbing-Plantholt, Irene (2022). The Image of Mesopotamian Divine Healers. Healing Goddesses and the Legitimization of Professional Asûs in the Mesopotamian Medical Marketplace. Boston: Brill. OCLC 1312171937.