Maria Theresa of Austria-Este, Queen of Bavaria
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Maria Theresa of Austria-Este | |
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Queen consort of Bavaria | |
Tenure | 5 November 1913 – 7 November 1918 |
Born | Brünn, Austrian Empire | 2 July 1849
Died | 3 February 1919 Wildenwart Castle, Chiemgau, Bavaria, Germany | (aged 69)
Spouse | |
Issue More |
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House | Austria-Este |
Father | Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este |
Mother | Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria |
Maria Theresa Henriette Dorothea of Austria-Este (also Marie Therese; 2 July 1849 – 3 February 1919) was the last
Biography
On 20 February 1868, she married Prince
The family mostly lived on their farms at Leutstetten south of Munich, where Maria Theresa cultivated rose gardens.
Maria Theresa became queen consort of Bavaria in 1913 when her husband the ruling Prince Regent proclaimed himself king as Ludwig III in place of his living but insane cousin King Otto. She became the first Catholic queen in Bavaria since Bavaria was made a kingdom 1806. She spoke German, Hungarian, Czech, French, and Italian.
In 1914, she hosted festivities during the royal Bavarian jubilee. She appeared with her husband when war was announced. During World War I, she visited wounded soldiers and encouraged the women of Bavaria to support the troops by providing food and clothes, including with the donations references to legendary heroines.
On 7 November 1918, Ludwig III was forced to
Jacobite succession
Maria Theresa was the niece and heir of the childless Francis V, Duke of Modena who had been, at the time of his death, the Jacobite heir-general to the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland; as such, she became the heiress after his death in 1875. Neither she, nor any of her Jacobite forebears since 1807, ever seriously pursued this claim. Following her death in 1919, Maria Theresa's son Rupprecht, Crown Prince of Bavaria inherited the Jacobite claim. Like his mother, he and his descendants have not pursued a claim to the British thrones.
Family
On 20 February 1868, at the Augustinian Church, Vienna, Maria Theresa married the future Ludwig III, last king of Bavaria.
The couple had thirteen children:
- Rupprecht, Crown Prince of Bavaria (18 May 1869 – 2 August 1955).
- Prince Wilhelm of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen.
- Prince Ferdinando Pius, Duke of Calabria.
- Prince Karl (1 April 1874 – 9 May 1927).
- Princess Isabella Antonie of Croÿ. Had issue.
- Prince Ludwig of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
- Prince Wolfgang Maria Leopold (2 July 1879 – 31 January 1895).
- Princess Hildegarde (5 March 1881 – 2 February 1948).
- Princess Notburga (19 March 1883 – 24 March 1883).
- Princess Wiltrud (10 November 1884 – 28 March 1975), married on 26 November 1924 to Wilhelm, Duke of Urach.
- Princess Helmtrud (22 March 1886 – 23 June 1977).
- Princess Dietlinde (2 January 1888 – 14 February 1889), lived 13 months.
- Princess Gundelinde (26 August 1891 – 16 August 1983), married on 23 February 1919 to Johann Georg, Count von Preysing-Lichtenegg-Moos.
Honours
- Kingdom of Bavaria : Grand Mistress of the Order of Saint Elizabeth and Order of Theresa (19 October 1872), the Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown, the Cross of Merit for the Year 1870/71, the Cross of Merit for Voluntary Nursing
- Dame of the Order of Queen Maria Luisa
- Austrian Empire: Dame of the Order of the Starry Cross (10 January 1865) and Order of Elizabeth, 1st Class
- Prussia: Red Cross Medal, 1st Class (27 January 1899)[1]
Ancestry
Ancestors of Maria Theresa of Austria-Este, Queen of Bavaria |
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References
- ^ "Rote Kreuz-Medaille", Königlich Preussische Ordensliste (in German), Berlin, 1895, p. 268 – via hathitrust.org
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Bibliography
- Schad, Martha. Bayerns Königinnen. Regensburg: Friedrich Pustet, 1992. Includes a 75-page chapter on Marie Therese.
- Beckenbauer, Alfons. Ludwig III. von Bayern, 1845-1921, Ein König auf der Suche nach seinem Volk. Regensburg: Friedrich Pustet, 1987. The standard modern biography of Marie Therese's husband.
- Glaser, Hubert. Ludwig III. König von Bayern: Skizzen aus seiner Lebensgeschichte. Prien: Verkerhrsverband Chiemsee, 1995. An illustrated catalogue of an exhibition held in Wildenwart in 1995.