Maritcha Remond Lyons

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Maritcha Remond Lyons
Maritcha Remond Lyons
Maritcha Remond Lyons, around 12 years old
Born(1848-06-23)June 23, 1848
New York City, New York, United States
DiedJanuary 28, 1929(1929-01-28) (aged 80)
Brooklyn, New York, United States
NationalityAmerican
Occupation(s)American educator
Civic leader
Writer
Years active1892–1929

Maritcha Remond Lyons (May 23, 1848 – January 28, 1929) was an American educator, civic leader, suffragist, and public speaker in

Brooklyn, New York. She taught in public schools in Brooklyn for 48 years, and was the second black woman to serve in their system as an assistant principal.[1][2] In 1892, Lyons cofounded the Women's Loyal Union of New York and Brooklyn, one of the first women's rights and racial justice organizations in the United States.[3] One of the accomplishments of the Women's Loyal Union was to help to fund the printing of an important antilynching pamphlet, Southern Horrors: Lynch Laws in All Its Phases by Ida B. Wells.[4]

Early life

Lyons was born at 144 Centre Street in

Charles Reason, a former educator at Philadelphia's Institute for Colored Youth
.

The Lyons' home on Vandewater Street was attacked several times during the

New York City Draft Riots of July 1863. Lyons was a teenager at the time.[8] She fled with her family to Salem, Massachusetts, for a short time before returning to Brooklyn. Because of the ongoing danger, her parents sent the children to Providence, Rhode Island
.

In 1865, Lyons was refused entry to the high school in Providence because she was African-American. The state had no high school for black children.[8] The family successfully sued the state of Rhode Island in a campaign to bring an end to segregated schools. At the age of 16, she testified before the state legislature, "plead[ing] for the opening of the door of opportunity".[9] Lyons later became the first African-American student to graduate from Providence High School.[8]

Career

Teaching

After graduating from high school, Lyons returned to New York[10][11][12] to accept a teaching position at Brooklyn's Colored School No. 1, the first African Free School in the Fort Greene neighborhood of Brooklyn. Colored School No. 1 was Brooklyn's first school for African Americans, opened at the current site of the Walt Whitman Houses, one of the largest housing projects in New York City.[13] Lyons' teaching career spanned nearly 50 years. She devoted herself to elementary education and by the end of her career she was the assistant principal of Public School No. 83, the first fully integrated school in Brooklyn.[14]

Lyons was a well-known lecturer and speaker. She once won a debate against Ida B. Wells at the Brooklyn Literary Union and Wells credits Lyons with teaching her how to become a better public speaker.[15]

Activism

On October 5, 1892, Lyons and educator and activist Victoria Earle Matthews organized a testimonial dinner in New York’s Lyric Hall for Ida B. Wells and her anti-lynching campaign. They continued to work on this issue, founding the Women’s Loyal Union of New York and Brooklyn in February 1892.[16]

Lyons fought for voting rights for women as a member of the Colored Women's Equal Suffrage League of Brooklyn.[17]

Memoir, writing and book

Lyons' memoir and photographs of herself and her family are included in the Harry A. Williamson Papers at the

New York City Draft Riots of 1863. These riots were so destructive of black neighborhoods in Manhattan that many African Americans left the city permanently, some moving to Brooklyn for safety. It also describes how Lyons wrote about her family's involvement in assisting escaping slaves as part of the Underground Railroad
in her memoir, Memories of Yesterdays: All of Which I Saw and Part of Which I Was (1928).

A young adult book was written about Lyons, Maritcha: A Remarkable Nineteenth-Century Girl, based on her memoir and writing.[8]

In addition to her memoir, Lyons contributed eight biographical sketches to Hallie Quinn Brown's Homespun Heroines and Other Women of Distinction (1926),[18] which include sketches of Sarah H. Fayerweather (1802–1868) and Agnes J. Adams (1885–1923).[19]

Personal life

Lyons lived in Brooklyn, with her brother and his family, until she died.[11][12][20]

Family tree

Some of the family members include:
Please note capitalization of surnames is typically used in genealogy trees

  • George LYONS Sr.
    • Albro LYONS Sr. Married to Mary Joseph MARSHALL.
      • Maritcha Remond LYONS. Born: May 23, 1848, New York, NY. Died: January 28, 1929, Brooklyn, NY.
      • Albro LYONS Jr.
      • Mary Elizabeth "Pauline" LYONS. Married to William Edward WILLIAMSON.
        • Henry "Harry" Albro WILLIAMSON. Born: October 25, 1875, in Plainfield, NJ. Married: 1901. Married to Laura Julia MOULTON. Divorced. Married: 1920. Married to Blanche C. ATKINS (Died: 1960). Died: January 3, 1965.

Other

  • Lyons Community School in the
    DUMBO neighborhood, was also named after her.[21]

Works or publications

See also

References

  1. ^ Harry Albro, Williamson (1970). Henry Albro Williamson Collection (PDF finding aid). New York: Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture: New York Public Library. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
  2. hdl:2027/hvd.32044010524403
    . Retrieved 26 August 2019.
  3. S2CID 151779467
    .
  4. ^ Johnson, J. "Philanthropy". Black Women in America. Oxford University Press. Retrieved August 5, 2019.
  5. ^ "Mauritchia R Lyons - United States Census, 1870". FamilySearch. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
  6. ISBN 0-231-12543-7
    .
  7. ^ a b "About Lyons - Maritcha Lyons". Lyons Community School. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
  8. ^ a b c d "Schomburg Center Wikipedia Edit-A-Thon" (Video short feature). Innovation Trail. February 10, 2015. Retrieved March 23, 2015. Includes segment with Maria Liriano, Associate Chief Librarian, Jean Blackwell Hutson Research and Reference Division, Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, on Maritcha Lyons
  9. ^ Maritcha Lyons - Brown University Library Collection.
  10. ^ "Maritcha Lyons - United States Census, 1900". FamilySearch. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
  11. ^ a b "Maritcka R Lyons - New York, State Census, 1905". FamilySearch. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
  12. ^ a b "Maritcha R Lyons - United States Census, 1910". FamilySearch. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
  13. The New York Public Library
    . 1 October 1990. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
  14. S2CID 151779467
    .
  15. ISBN 978-0-195-30173-1
    . Retrieved March 23, 2015.
  16. S2CID 151779467
    .
  17. ^ Goodier, Susan (8 November 2017). "A Fundamental Component: Black Women and Right to Vote". The Gotham Center for New York City History. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
  18. ^
    ISBN 978-0-810-39177-2
    .
  19. ISBN 978-0-195-05237-4
    .
  20. ^ "Maritcha Lyons - United States Census, 1920". FamilySearch. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
  21. ^ "MaritchaRLyonsPark". NYC Dept of Parks and Recreation. Retrieved February 3, 2023.

Further reading

External links
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