Max Jakob Friedländer

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Max Jakob Friedländer

Max Jakob Friedländer (5 July 1867 in Berlin – 11 October 1958 in Amsterdam) was a German-Jewish museum curator and

Berlin State Museums' old master paintings and sculpture) under Bode in 1904 and became director himself from 1924 to 1932, working on his history From Van Eyck to Bruegel and the 14-volume (printed in 16, with supplements) survey Early Netherlandish Painting. In 1933 he was dismissed as a "non-Aryan" and in 1939 had to move to Amsterdam because he was Jewish.[1] He attained the rank and title of geheimrat (privy councillor) under the German Empire.[2] He also donated several works to the collection and worked in the art trade as an advisor, to Hermann Göring
among others.

He invented the style term Antwerp Mannerism, and created many of the notnames for undocumented artists in this style, and others of the period.

He should not be confused with the German-American art historian Walter Friedländer; they were not related.[1]

Approach to art history

Friedländer's approach to art history was essentially that of a connoisseur. He gave priority to a critical reading based on sensitivity rather than on grand artistic and or aesthetic theories. He described it as follows:

If the determination of the authorship of an individual work of art most certainly is not the ultimate and highest task of artistic erudition; even if it were no path to the goal: nevertheless, without a doubt, it is a school for the eye, since there is no formulation of a question which forces us to penetrate so deeply the essence of an individual work as that concerning the identity of the author. The individual work, rightly understood, teaches us what a comprehensive knowledge universal artistic activity is incapable of teaching us.[3]

His career was marked by a disdain for the

German Nationalism in the decades around 1900. His later writings, in particular Early Netherlandish Painting to some extent climbed down from the positions taken earlier.[4]

Photo archive

During his lifetime he took high quality photographs of artwork wherever he travelled. His personal archive with approximately 15,000 photos and reproductions of 15th- and 16th-century paintings from the North and South Netherlands are often accompanied with notes including such things as the provenance, attribution, relative condition, and location of the paintings. The majority of his work has been transcribed and digitised in the RKDimages database of the Dutch National Institute of Art History (

RKD) and forms an important open access archive for art historians.[5]

Publications

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Dictionary of Art historians: "Friedländer, Max J[acob]"". Archived from the original on 2010-11-27. Retrieved 2010-01-25.
  2. ISBN 0-238-78921-7
    .
  3. ^ Friedländer, Max Jakob. "On art and connoisseurship". Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  4. S2CID 191393770
    . Retrieved 6 Jan 2021.
  5. RKD

Further reading

  • Friedrich Winkler: Friedländer, Max. In: NDB Bd. 5, S. 455 f.
  • Annick Born: Antwerp Mannerism: a fashionable style? in: ExtravagANT. A forgotten chapter of Antwerp painting 1500–1530. Catalogue Maastricht and Antwerp 2005, pp. 10–19.
  • Leo Blumenreich: Verzeichnis der Schriften Max J. Friedländers. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1927.

External links

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