Mohammad Tabrani
Mohammad Tabrani | |
---|---|
Born | |
Died | 12 January 1984 | (aged 79)
Mohammad Tabrani Soerjowitjirto (10 October 1904 – 12 January 1984) was an Indonesian journalist and politician. He originated from the island of
Early life and education
Tabrani was born in
Career
Tabrani had begun to work as a journalist in
The Indonesian nation does not yet exist, then create it! The Indonesian language does not yet exist, then create it![a]
He later prepared and organized the First "Youth Congress" in 1926, which brought together several Indonesian youth organizations. Tabrani chaired the preparatory committee for the congress itself. During the congress in 30 April – 2 May 1926, the attendees agreed on the use of the Malay language as the national language following a proposal by Mohammad Yamin, but Tabrani opposed, calling for the language to referred to as the "Indonesian language and not the Malay language, despite containing Malay elements".[1][3]
During the Second Youth Congress of 1928, which resulted in the
Tabrani organized a political party in September 1930, the Partai Rakjat Indonesia (Indonesian People's Party) which advocated collaboration with Dutch authorities and called for parliamentary pursuits of Indonesian independence, though it did not gain much traction.[6] He also started a political magazine titled Revue Politik, before later on joining the newspaper Pemandangan as its editor.[1] After the Soetardjo Petition of 1936 was submitted to the Volksraad, Tabrani (as Pemandangan's editor at the time) was an enthusiastic supporter, and he successfully campaigned for the creation of a committee to implement the petition.[7]
Tabrani then participated in the first congress of the Indonesian Journalists' Union (Persatoean Djoernalis Indonesia/Perdi) in 1934, when he spoke on "Journalism and the movement and the public interest."
Following the Japanese invasion and the ensuing occupation, Tabrani for some time worked as an editor of the Tjahaja newspaper based in Bandung.[12] He was at some point during the occupation imprisoned and was tortured, crippling his leg. After his release, he became chief editor of the Japanese-sponsored newspaper Indonesia Merdeka.[1]
During the
Legacy
Tabrani is often credited with the creation of the Indonesian language,[1][2] and the Language Development Agency of the Ministry of Education of Culture proposed in 2019 that Tabrani be made a National Hero of Indonesia.[14] His grave in the Tanah Kusir Cemetery in Jakarta is a memorial site dedicated to his work.[2] On 10 November 2023, Joko Widodo awarded the title of National Hero to Tabrani.[15]
Notes
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Tempo 2008.
- ^ a b c d e f Maryanto 2019.
- ISBN 9783110848984.
- ^ Government of Jakarta 2017.
- ^ a b Yamamoto 2014, p. 14.
- ^ Kahin 2003, p. 92.
- ^ Abeyasekere 1973, p. 93.
- ^ Yamamoto 2014, p. 13.
- ^ a b Horton 2018, p. 102.
- ^ Yamamoto 2014, p. 15.
- ^ Horton 2018, p. 103.
- ^ Horton 2018, p. 106.
- ^ Toer 2014, p. 253.
- ^ Indriani 2019.
- ^ Safitri, Eva. "Jokowi Resmi Beri Gelar Pahlawan Nasional ke 6 Tokoh". detik.com. Detik. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
Bibliography
- Abeyasekere, Susan (1973). "The Soetardjo Petition". Indonesia. 15 (15): 81–108. JSTOR 3350793.
- Government of Jakarta (2017). "Mohammad Tabrani" (in Indonesian). Retrieved 27 November 2019.
- Horton, William Bradley (2018). "A Fictional Detective's Exploration of the Swirling Maelstrom of Indonesia in the Early 1940s: Patjar Koening and the Mysterious Death of Moh. Hoesni Thamrin". International Journal of Indonesian Studies: 93–108.
- Indriani (18 July 2019). "Kemendikbud usulkan Mohammad Tabrani sebagai pahlawan nasional". Antara News (in Indonesian). Retrieved 27 November 2019.
- Kahin, George McTurnan (2003). Nationalism and Revolution in Indonesia. SEAP Publications. ISBN 978-0-87727-734-7.
- Maryanto. "Sang Penggagas Bahasa Persatuan Indonesia". badanbahasa.kemdikbud.go.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 27 November 2019.
- "Penggagas Kongres Pemuda Pertama". Tempo (in Indonesian). 27 October 2008.
- Toer, Pramoedya Ananta (2014). Kronik Revolusi Indonesia jilid V (in Indonesian). Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia. ISBN 978-979-9106-89-6.
- Yamamoto, Nobuto (2014). "The Dynamics of Contentious Politics in The Indies: Inlandsche Journalisten Bond and Persatoean Djoernalis Indonesia" (PDF). Keio Communication Review. 36: 5–20.