New York World
Daily newspaper | ||
Format | Broadsheet | |
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Owner(s) |
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Founded | 1860 | |
Political alignment | Independent OCLC number 32646018 | |
The New York World was a newspaper published in New York City from 1860 to 1931. The paper played a major role in the history of American newspapers as a leading national voice of the Democratic Party. From 1883 to 1911 under publisher Joseph Pulitzer, it was a pioneer in yellow journalism, capturing readers' attention with sensation, sports, sex and scandal and pushing its daily circulation to the one-million mark. It was sold in 1931 and merged into the New York World-Telegram.
History
Early years
The World was founded in 1860. From 1862 to 1876, it was edited by
Joseph Pulitzer years
In 1889,
In 1896, the World began using a four-color printing press; it was the first newspaper to launch a color
The World was attacked for being "sensational", and its circulation battles with Hearst's Journal gave rise to the term
Frank Irving Cobb was employed on a trial basis by Pulitzer as the editor of the World in 1904. Cobb was a fiercely independent Kansan who resisted Pulitzer's attempts to "run the office" from his home. The elder man was so invested in the paper that he continually meddled with Cobb's work. The two found common ground in their support of Woodrow Wilson, but they had many other areas of disagreement.[citation needed]
When Pulitzer's son Ralph took over administrative responsibility of The World in 1907, his father wrote a precisely worded resignation. Cobb had it printed in every New York paper—except the World. Joseph Pulitzer raged at the insult, but slowly began to respect Cobb's editorials and independent spirit. Exchanges, commentaries, and messages between them increased. The good rapport between the two was based largely on Cobb's flexibility. In May 1908, Cobb and Pulitzer met to outline plans for a consistent editorial policy.[citation needed]
Pulitzer's demands for editorials on contemporary news led to overwork by Cobb. The publisher sent his managing editor on a six-week tour of Europe to restore his spirit. Shortly after Cobb's return, Pulitzer died. Cobb then finally published Pulitzer's resignation from 1907. Cobb retained the editorial policies he had shared with Pulitzer until he died of cancer in 1923.[8]
Later years
When Pulitzer died in 1911, he passed control of the World to his sons Ralph, Joseph and Herbert. The World continued to grow under its executive editor
The paper published the first
The paper ran a twenty-one article series that was an exposé on the inner workings of the Ku Klux Klan, starting September 6, 1921.[9][10]
In 1931, Pulitzer's heirs went to court to sell the World. A surrogate court judge decided in their favor;
Comic strips
The New York World was one of the first newspapers to publish
Legacy
Janet E. Steele argues that Joseph Pulitzer put a stamp on his age when he brought his brand of journalism from St. Louis to New York in 1883. In his New York World, Pulitzer emphasized illustrations, advertising, and a culture of consumption for working men. He believed they saved money to enjoy life with their families when they could, at Coney Island, for example.[12]
By contrast, the long-established editor Charles A. Dana, of The Sun, held to a traditional view of the working man as one engaged in a struggle to better his working conditions and to improve himself. Dana thought that readers in the 20th century followed fewer faddish illustrations and wished newspapers did not need advertising. Dana resisted buying a Linotype. In time the more sensational approach to news, advertising, and content triumphed.[12]
Revival
On May 16, 2011, the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism announced that it was launching an online publication named The New York World, in honor of the original newspaper published by Joseph Pulitzer, who founded the graduate school. The university said the mission of the publication would be "to provide New York City citizens with accountability journalism about government operations that affect their lives." It was to be staffed mainly by those who have completed master's or doctoral degrees, and other affiliates of the school.[13][14] The online publication focuses on data journalism and collaborated with a number of local and national news outlets.[15] The World lists contributors and an editor, but has not published new content since 2016.
Notable journalists of the World
- Eunice Eloisae Gibbs Allyn(1847 - 1916)
- John A. Arneaux (1855–)
- Harriet Hubbard Ayer (1849–1903)
- John L. Balderston (1889–1954)
- Djuna Barnes (1892–1982)
- Nellie Bly (Elizabeth Jane Cochrane) (1864–1922)
- Heywood Broun (1888–1939)
- Mazie E. Clemens (1890s–1952)
- Irvin S. Cobb (1876–1944)
- Eliza Archard Conner (1838–1912)
- Varina Davis (1826 – 1906), columnist after her move to New York; widow of the Confederate president, Jefferson Davis[16]
- Howard C. Hillegas (1872–1918)
- Joseph Jackson (1894 – 1932), assistant drama editor at The World and Hollywood screenwriter[17]
- Walter Lippman(1889–1974)
- St. Clair McKelway (1905–1980)
- John McNaught (1849–1938)
- William Brown Meloney (1877–1925)
- Charles Edward Russell (1886–1894)
- Frank Sullivan (1892–1976)
- Deems Taylor (1885–1966)
- Albert Payson Terhune (1872–1942)
- Paul West (1871–1918), editor, journalist, playwright, lyricist, and author
- Marie Robinson Wright (1853–1914), American journalist, traveler, historian, author
See also
References
- ^ Swanberg 1967, p. 417.
- New York Times. July 25, 1917.
Manton Marble died this morning of old age at the home of his son-in-law, Sir Martin Conway, Allington Castle, near Maidstone. Mr. Marble, who had been living in England quietly for twenty years, began to fail last Christmas.
- ^ Guilford, Gwynn (November 28, 2016). "Fake news isn't a new problem in the US—it almost destroyed Abraham Lincoln". Quartz. Quartz (publication). Archived from the original on September 6, 2020.
this miscegenation hoax still "damn near sank Lincoln that year"
- ^ a b c Swanberg 1967, p. 67.
- ^ Dictionary of American Biography (1936) Charles Scribner's Sons, New York
- ^ "Charles Chapin | AMERICAN HERITAGE". www.americanheritage.com. Retrieved February 1, 2019.
- ^ "Hard-Boiled Charlie Chapin — City of Smoke". www.cityofsmoke.com. Retrieved February 1, 2019.
- New York Times. Archived from the originalon November 26, 2009. Retrieved November 4, 2009.
- ^ Press Publishing Co. "New York World's Expose of the KKK." New Orleans Times-Picayune 07 Sep 1921 – 26 Mon 1921, Print.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 6, 2021.
- ABC-CLIO, 2014), p. 399.
- ^ S2CID 143893631.
- ^ "The New York World (online)" Archived May 18, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, Press release, Columbia Journalism School
- ^ Meares, Joel (May 16, 2011). "Columbia J-School launches The New York World". Columbia Journalism Review.
- ^ "About". The New York World.
- ^ Cashin, Joan. First Lady of the Confederacy: Varina Davis's Civil War, Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2006, pp. 6–7
- ^ "Film Beauty Weds Publicity Manager". Los Angeles Evening Express. February 19, 1921. p.2. Retrieved February 15, 2022.
Further reading
- Baker, Kevin. "The World on Sunday: Graphic Art in Joseph Pulitzer's Newspaper (1898-1911)." Wilson Quarterly 29.4 (2005): 116.
- Brian, Denis. Pulitzer: A Life. (Wiley, 2001). 438 pp. popular history.
- Dorwart, Jeffrey M. "James Creelman, the 'New York World' and the Port Arthur Massacre" Journalism Quarterly 50.4 (Winter 1973): 697+.
- Heaton, John Langdon. The story of a page; thirty years of public service and public discussion in the editorial columns of the New York World (1913) online
- Juergens, George. Joseph Pulitzer and the New York World (1966), scholarly; online free to borrow
- Rutenbeck, Jeffrey. "The Stagnation and Decline of Partisan Journalism in Late Nineteenth-Century America: Changes in the New York World, 1860–76." American Journalism 10.1-2 (1993): 38–60.
- Steele, Janet E. "The 19th Century World Versus the Sun: Promoting Consumption (Rather than the Working Man)." Journalism Quarterly 67.3 (1990): 592–600.
- Swanberg, W.A. Pulitzer. New York; Charles A. Scribner & Sons, 1967, popular history.
- Whitelaw, Nancy. Joseph Pulitzer: And the New York World (1999) 120pp; for high school audience. online free
External links
- Works by or about New York World at Internet Archive
- Original New York World articles at Nellie Bly Online
- Slate article about the World Magazine's graphic design
- New York World of the Columbia School of Journalism