Nikolay Milyutin
Nikolay Alexeyevich Milyutin (
Peter Kropotkin, an anarchist, described him as "the soul of the emancipation of the Serfs in bureaucratic circles."[3]
Early life
Nikolay Milyutin was born in Moscow on 6 June 1818, the scion of an influential, but impoverished, aristocratic Russian family.[4] He was the nephew of Count Pavel Kiselyov, the most brilliant Russian reformer of Nicholas I's reactionary reign.[5][6][7] Milyutin's brothers were Vladimir Milyutin (1826–55), a social philosopher, journalist and economist, and Dmitry Milyutin (1816–1912), who served as Minister of War under Alexander II.[8][9]
Milyutin's formative years were spent on his father's estate, Titovo, in Kaluga Oblast.[10] Serfs worked the land at Titovo, while Milyutin's father occupied most of his time hunting and carousing with friends.[11] Milyutin's mother was left to oversee most aspects of life on their estate.[12] According to Milyutin, there were so many serfs at Titovo that "to list all would be impossible."[13] While Milyutin largely omitted the more unsavory aspects regarding life at Titovo from his published memoirs, an unpublished draft, detailing his childhood, discusses the brutality with which his father treated his serfs.[14] On one occasion Milyutin witnessed his father "mercilessly" flog one their serfs, as he later explained: "But thus were the mores in those times: a good landowner considered [flogging] unavoidable to keep his serfs in line."[15] Afterwards, as was then common practice, the serf was made to come and "thank the master" for having administered his "lesson."[16] The incident left an indelible impression on Milyutin's young mind.[17]
Career
Milyutin graduated from
As an Assistant Minister of Interior since 1859, he succeeded in defending his vision of ambitious liberal reforms against attacks by conservatives and disconcerted nobility. The
During the
Milyutin resigned his office in December 1866, after having suffered a paralytic stroke, and spent the rest of his life in seclusion.[27] He died on 26 January 1872 in Moscow.[28]
See also
References
- ISBN 0-582-29486-X
- ^ Harcave, Sidney (1968). Years of the Golden Cockerel, p. 174. New York: Macmillan
- ^ Peter Kropotkin (1887). "1". In Russian and French Prisons. Ward and Downey.
- ISBN 0-89250-133-2
- ^ Harcave, Sidney (1968). Years of the Golden Cockerel, p. 174. New York: Macmillan
- ^ Frank, Joseph (1979). Dostoevsky: The Seeds of Revolt, 1821–1849, p. 253. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
- ISBN 0-89250-133-2
- ISBN 0-582-29486-X
- ^ Frank, Joseph (1979). Dostoevsky: The Seeds of Revolt, 1821–1849, p. 253. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
- ^ Roosevelt, Priscilla (1995). Life on the Russian Country Estate, pp. X-XI, 179, 230, 340. New Haven: Yale University Press
- ^ Roosevelt, Priscilla (1995). Life on the Russian Country Estate, pp. 179, 230, 340. New Haven: Yale University Press
- ^ Roosevelt, Priscilla (1995). Life on the Russian Country Estate, pp. 179, 230, 340. New Haven: Yale University Press
- ^ Roosevelt, Priscilla (1995). Life on the Russian Country Estate, pp. 179, 230, 340. New Haven: Yale University Press
- ^ Roosevelt, Priscilla (1995). Life on the Russian Country Estate, pp. 179, 230, 340. New Haven: Yale University Press
- ^ Roosevelt, Priscilla (1995). Life on the Russian Country Estate, pp. 179, 230, 340. New Haven: Yale University Press
- ^ Roosevelt, Priscilla (1995). Life on the Russian Country Estate, pp. 179, 230, 340. New Haven: Yale University Press
- ^ Roosevelt, Priscilla (1995). Life on the Russian Country Estate, pp. 179, 230, 340. New Haven: Yale University Press
- ^ Harcave, Sidney (1968). Years of the Golden Cockerel, p. 174. New York: Macmillan
- ISBN 0-582-29486-X
- ISBN 9783962557577
- ^ Geoffrey Drage (1891). Cyril: A Romantic Novel. Allen. p. 46.
- ISBN 0-89250-133-2
- ^ Chapman, Timothy (2001). Imperial Russia, 1801–1905, p. 110 New York: Routledge
- ^ Chapman, Timothy (2001). Imperial Russia, 1801–1905, p. 110 New York: Routledge
- ^ Roosevelt, Priscilla (1995). Life on the Russian Country Estate, pp. 179, 230, 340. New Haven: Yale University Press
- ISBN 0-89250-133-2
- ISBN 0-89250-133-2
- ISBN 0-89250-133-2
Further reading
- Leslie, Robert Frank. Reform and insurrection in Russian Poland, 1856-1865 (Greenwood, 1969).
- Lincoln, W. Bruce. "Milyutin and the Russian Serfs:" History Today (July 1969), Vol. 19 Issue 7, pp 495–504; online; covers 1840 to 1859.
- Lincoln, W. Bruce. "The Makings of a New Polish Policy: N. A. Milyutin and the Polish Question, 1861-1863." Polish Review (1970): 54–66. online
- Zyzniewski, Stanley J. "The Russo-Polish Crucible of the 1860s: A Review of Some Recent Literature." The Polish Review (1966): 23–46. Online
External links
- New International Encyclopedia. 1905. .