Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests

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Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests
Temperate coniferous forests
Borders
List
Geography
Area101,410 km2 (39,150 sq mi)
CountryTurkey
Conservation
Conservation statusCritical/endangered[1]

The Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests is a

ecoregion located in northern Anatolia, Turkey
.

Geography

The ecoregion covers an area of 101,410 square kilometres (39,150 sq mi). It covers portions of the

Euxine-Colchic deciduous forests, which cover the northern slope of the mountains and the Black Sea coast, and the drier forests, woodlands, and steppes of the Anatolian interior. The peaks are seldom higher than 2000 meters in the western and central mountains, and over 3000 meters in the Kaçkar Mountains in the northeast.[1]

Climate

The climate is transitional between the humid and moderate Black Sea coast, and the drier and more continental Anatolian interior. Average annual rainfall varies from 500 to 1,000 mm. In the western and central portions of the ecoregion, winter is the rainiest season, and in the east spring is the rainiest season.[1]

Flora

The ecoregion's forests are mostly conifers, with deciduous broadleaf trees.

In the western portion of the northern ranges,

Oriental spruce (Picea orientalis) is predominant in the northeast, along with Caucasian fir (Abies nordmanniana).[1]

The southern ranges have a drier and more continental climate, and pines are the dominant trees.

Scots pine in the east. Deciduous broadleaf trees are part of the southern forest, including species of oak (Quercus), maple (Acer), and Sorbus
.

Open scrublands and small forest patches of juniper (

Betula spp.) occur at high altitudes.[1]

Fauna

Large mammal predators include the

gray wolf (Canis lupus). Red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) roam the west, and Anatolian chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra asiatica) and wild goat (Capra aegagrus) are found in the east.[1]

Protected areas

Protected areas include

Kaçkar National Park, Altındere Valley National Park, Mount Ilgaz National Park, Yedigöller National Park, Soğuksu National Park, Yozgat Pine Grove National Park, Örümcek Gümüşhane Nature Reserve, Akdogan and Ruzgarlar Nature Reserve, Kale Bolu Hazelnut Nature Reserve, Kökez Bolu Nature Reserve, and Sülüklügöl Bolu Nature Reserve.[1]

External links

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund.
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