Pampanga River
Pampanga River Rio Grande de Pampanga | |
---|---|
Pampanga River mouth | |
Location | |
Country | Philippines |
Region | Central Luzon |
Province | |
City | |
Physical characteristics | |
Source | |
• location | Sierra Madre, Central Luzon |
Mouth | Manila Bay |
• location | Hagonoy, Bulacan |
• coordinates | 14°46′N 120°39′E / 14.767°N 120.650°E |
• elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
Length | 270 km (170 mi) Pampanga - Pantabangan River System. 246 km (153 mi) Pampanga River, source in Gabaldon. |
Basin size | 10,434 km2 (4,029 sq mi)[1] |
Basin features | |
Tributaries | |
• left | Angat River, Peñaranda River, Madlum River |
• right | Dupinga River, Pantabangan River, Talavera River |
The Pampanga River is the second largest river on the island of Luzon in the Philippines (next to Cagayan River) and the country's fifth longest river.[2][3] It is in the Central Luzon region and traverses the provinces of Pampanga, Bulacan, and Nueva Ecija.
Topography
Its
The river's
Its main
Southeast of Mount Arayat and the Pampanga River is the Candaba Swamp, covering an area of some 250 square kilometres (97 sq mi) absorbing most of the flood flows from the western slopes of a portion of the Sierra Madre and the overflowing of the Pampanga River via the Cabiao Floodway. This area is submerged during the rainy season but is relatively dry during summer.
Flooding
The basin experiences, on an average, at least one
Extensive flooding occurred at the Pampanga River Basin in July 1962, May 1966, May 1976, October 1993, August 2003, August 2004, late September–October 2009, and August 2012.
The flooding in September 2011 associated with Pedring (Typhoon Nesat) nearly swallowed all of Pampanga and southern parts of Bulacan.
Very catastrophic and exceptionally severe flooding in the river basin that engulfed the Central Luzon provinces of Pangasinan, Pampanga, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, and Tarlac occurred in July and August 1972. The 1972 flooding was so extensive that it flooded out 14 provinces in throughout Northern and Central Luzon, plus Metro Manila and Southern Tagalog. The Pampanga River Basin and the Agno River Basin converged over Tarlac, submerging that province.
Economic importance
At the higher sections of the basin, dams — especially the
At the lower sections of the basin, where the Pampanga
With the anticipated completion of the Pampanga Delta Project (DPWH), it is expected that flood flows at the lower section of the Pampanga River will recede at a much faster rate.
Crossings
This is listed from mouth to source.
- Pampanga Delta Bridge
- Sulipan Bridge ( ), Apalit)
- Candaba Viaduct (Pulilan–Apalit Bridge) ( E1 (North Luzon Expressway), Apalit)
- San Simon Bridge (San Simon)
- San Luis Bridge (San Luis)
- Candaba (San Agustin) Bridge (Candaba–Baliuag Road, Candaba)
- Candaba Bridge (Candaba–Santa Ana Road, Candaba)
- San Agustin Bridge ( , Pampanga)
- Sta. Isabel Cabiao Bridge (Cabiao)
- Jaen Bridge (San Anton–Poblacion Road, Jaen–San Leonardo boundary)
- Santa Rosa Bridge ( N58 (Santa Rosa–Tarlac Road), Santa Rosa)
- Cesar Vergara Bridge (Felipe Vergara Highway, Cabanatuan)
- Valdefuente Bridge ( AH 26 (N1) (Pan-Philippine Highway), Cabanatuan)
- Bangkerohan Bridge (Nueva Ecija–Aurora Road, Bongabon–Palayan boundary)
- Palayan–Gabaldon–Dingalan Road (Laur–Gabaldon boundary)
- Dupinga Bridge ( N114 (Palayan–Gabaldon–Dingalan Road), Gabaldon, Nueva Ecija)
References
- ^ a b Vicente B. Tuddao Jr. (September 21, 2011). "Water Quality Management in the Context of Basin Management: Water Quality, River Basin Management and Governance Dynamics in the Philippines" (PDF). www.wepa-db.net. Department of Environment and Natural Resources. Retrieved April 5, 2017.
- ^ Kundel, Jim (June 7, 2007). "Water profile of Philippines". Encyclopedia of Earth. Retrieved September 30, 2008.
- ^ "The Pampanga River Basin". Archived from the original on August 10, 2012. Retrieved October 24, 2008.
- ^ Kenneth Kimutai too (July 24, 2018). "Longest Rivers In The Philippines". worldatlas.com. WorldAtlas. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
- ^ "Pampanga River Basin". River Basin Control Office; Department of Environment and Natural Resources. Retrieved March 1, 2019.