Pasar malam
Pasar malam is an
The pasar malam may be held in a fixed location or itinerant, offering a variety of products such as street food, snacks, desserts, produce, apparel, accessories, handmade crafts, houseware, gadgets, toys, knick-knacks, and ornaments at cheap or reasonable prices. Counterfeit goods such as fake branded wearables and pirated CDs may also be sold at a pasar malam.
Pasar malam might resemble a night festival or a fairground, where fair games and kiddy rides, like a mini carousel or mini train ride, may also be present. Several quintessential fair snacks like cotton candy, ice cream, hot dogs, and grilled sausages are also popular, next to the offerings of traditional local delicacies. A pasar malam often takes place only one to a few days of the week, as the traders rotate around different neighbourhoods on different days of the week. Haggling over prices is a common practice at such markets.
History
In the Indonesian archipelago, markets are traditionally held on different days with locations rotating among participating villages. This traditional economic custom is known as Hari Pasaran (lit. "market days") in
Among traditional night markets, one of the earliest and biggest was the annual Lunar New Year night market in Batavia, the capital of the Dutch East Indies.[5][6] Held three days before the Lunar New Year, this night market began in the late 1820s as an initiative of Tan Eng Goan, the 1st Majoor der Chineezen of Batavia, and became a prototype for similar night markets.[5][6]
After the discovery of electricity and
Indonesia
In
Today, several
Malaysia
In Malaysia, Pasar Malam is normally set as a temporarily closed street for vehicles and open for pedestrians from evening until late night weekly. At certain locations due to frequency or a few times a week, narrow and busy streets also safety reasons, Pasar Malam will open at Tapak Pasar Malam at nighttime which describes an allocation space that converts a parking space during the daytime.
Due to the hot Malaysian weather during the daytime, the Pasar Malam has become a nightlife activity that attracts the local community after working time and the tourist crowd to shop with moderate night temperatures looking for cheap hot foods, clothing, groceries, etc. The vendor licences are obtained from local authorities under the local council area.
The majority of the local vendors sell plenty types of drinks, hot foods, and local delicacies from Malay, Malaysian Chinese, and Indian backgrounds which are famous and also difficult to find, fresh fruits and vegetables, fresh fish and seafood, fresh meat and poultry, toys, family range of clothes and accessories. Some local vendors also sell live pets or even phone accessories.
Singapore
In Singapore, the pasar malams of old were phased out in 1978 due to regulation but were fractionally revived in housing estates in 1991[11] as a cultural selling point.[12] Notable pasar malams of old included the Woodlands Pasar Malam which attracted crowds from Johor Bahru and the People's Park Pasar Malam in Chinatown.[12] Present-day pasar malams are organised at specific locations on a temporary lease, usually before festive occasions such as Lunar New Year, Hari Raya Puasa, and Deepavali.[13] The organisers are required to submit a tender bid to the People's Association for the right to host the Pasar Malam.[14] Food hawkers are licensed by the NEA and required to pass a food hygiene course.[11] Pasar malams are reported to face sustainability challenges due to rising rental costs.[14]
The Netherlands
In the Netherlands, a yearly Indo-Eurasian festival is held in The Hague under the name Tong Tong Fair, formerly known as the Pasar Malam Besar (besar meaning "big").[15] Due to the high number of Indo-Eurasians and the successive success of this event since 1959, dozens of pasar malam are held each year in the Netherlands.[16] Recently the Indonesian embassy has started sponsoring a yearly Pasar Malam Indonesia, mainly to promote Indonesian business and enhance Dutch-Indonesian relations.[17]
See also
- Bazaar
- Hawker centre, open-air complexes in Malaysia and Singapore housing many stalls that sell a variety of inexpensive food
- Kopi tiam, literally a "coffee shop"
- Market (place)
- Pasar pagi, (morning market)
- Retail
- Wet market
- Farmers' market
References
- ISBN 978-9794617014. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
- ^
Nigel Phillips; Khaidir Anwar, eds. (1981). Papers on Indonesian languages and literatures. Vol. 13 of Cahier d'Archipel. Indonesian Etymological Project, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 1981. p. 63. ISBN 978-0950747408. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
- ^ malaysiasite.nl
- ^ Wolsey, Barbara (11 May 2022). "The 9 Best Night Markets Around the World". Thrillist. Vox Media Network.
- ^ a b Berdoeri, Tjamboek (1928). "Pasar Malem – Djaman Dahoeloe Batavia/Djakarta".
- ^ a b Tempo, Koran (6 February 2012). "Pada Sebuah Pesta Rakyat – Metro – koran.tempo.co". Tempo (in Indonesian). Retrieved 30 May 2020.
- ^ "Jakarta Fair Dari Masa Ke Masa". kabarbumn.com (in Indonesian). 14 June 2022. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
- ^ Wicaksono, Pribadi (18 September 2022). "Pasar Malam ala Sekaten Yogyakarta Digelar, Daya Tariknya Bukan Hanya Wahana dan Kuliner". Tempo. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
- ^ Priyombodo (5 February 2023). "Sepotong Bahagia di Pasar Malam". kompas.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 17 April 2023.
- ^ "Pasar Malam Sungai Musi, Representasi Kearifan Lokal Palembang". Indonesia Kaya (in Indonesian).
- ^ a b "Pasar Malam". NLB Singapore. 2 March 2015.
- ^ a b Jie, Pan (23 May 2019). "What Hawker Culture Can Learn From The Pasar Malam's History". Rice Media.
- ^ L, Andrew. "List of Pasar Malam in Singapore". Ahboy.
- ^ a b Zalizan, Taufiq (24 April 2023). "The Big Read: The million-dollar pasar malam industry and Singaporeans' love affair with it". Channel News Asia. MediaCorp.
- ^ "Tong Tong Fair". Tong Tong Fair. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
- ^ "Pasar Malam Istimewa". In Dordrecht. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
- ^ ""Pasar malam", world's biggest promotion of Indonesia potentials". Antara News. Retrieved 17 April 2023.