Paul Julius Möbius
Paul Julius Möbius (January 24, 1853 – January 8, 1907) was a German
Prior to entering the medical field in 1873, he studied
He was a prolific writer and is well known for publications in the fields of
Möbius made pioneer contributions towards the understanding of how some mental illnesses occur. He is credited for providing a distinction between
.Medical terms
His name is associated with
- Leyden–Möbius syndrome – pelvic region; named along with neurologist Ernst Viktor von Leyden (1832–1910)[1]
- goiters.[7]
Work
Today his most historically significant contribution to science is his work on the psychogenics of psychiatric and mental illnesses, such as hysteria. For the first time in the German-speaking world he postulated psychological causes of disease. For this reason and because of his convincing arguments for the therapeutical effects of electrotherapy, Sigmund Freud referred to Möbius as one of the fathers of psychotherapy.
A further important contribution is to have given his friend, the psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin (1856-1926), important ideas to the differentiation and systematisation of mental illness. Moebius had only made one, on the causes of diseases based classification of nervous and mental diseases. Its subdivision in endogenous and exogenous errors has long been preserved and was leading the way for the psychiatry and neurology of the 20th century. Endogenous errors established in the nervous system itself, manifested as degeneration. In the long term Möbius thus paved to way for eugenics and the crimes of psychiatric and neurological disease in German Nazism. Also, Möbius syndrome bears his name, which he first described in 1888; and he pointed the way to understanding the cause of the endocrinological disorder Graves' disease.
Moebius won a still dubious fame by his pamphlet "On the Physiological Idiocy of Women" (Halle: Marhold 1900). He received the greatest contemporary recognition for carving out his own territory with this work. The key message of the work not only postulated that "idiocy of woman", but also tried to impose this on already dubious methods. Moebius received plaudits for this piece, but also criticism, such as The Anti-feminists (1902) by Hedwig Dohm (1831-1919). In further response to Moebius were written such as Women and Intellectualism by Oda Olberg in 1903 and Feminism and Science by Johanna Elberskirchen in 1902. Elberskirchen said: "The truth is that when scholars make opinions concerning females, they are too much man (Mann) and too little or not at all scientifically reasoning human (Mensch)." (Elberskirchen 1902 p. 4) In other writings (such as Sex and Head Size) Moebius tried to support his theses with comments that showed his misunderstanding of brain anatomy and brain physiology.[citation needed] "On the Physiological Idiocy of Women" went through eight editions during his lifetime. In the later editions Moebius published letters from women and men which he had received for and against the book. These letters accounted for almost half of the book at the end.
In the play Weiningers Nacht by
Partial bibliography
- Grundriss des deutschen Militärsanitätswesens. Leipzig, 1878 – Outline of German military medical service.
- Über hereditäre Nervenkrankheiten. in Richard von Volkmann's Sammlung klinischer Vorträge. Leipzig, 1879 – On hereditary nervous diseases.
- Das Nervensystem des Menschen. Leipzig, 1880 – The nervous system of humans.
- Die Nervosität. Leipzig, 1882; third edition, 1906 – Nervousness.
- Über angeborene Facialis-Abducenslähmung. Münchener mediznische Wochenschrift, 1888 – On congenital facial paralysis of the abducens nerve.
- Die Basedowsche Krankheit. In Hermann Nothnagel's Handbuch der speciellen Pathologie und Therapie. Volume 12; Vienna- 1894; second edition, 1903 – On Graves' disease.
- Über den physiologischen Schwachsinn des Weibes. Slg. Abh. Nervenkrkh. Volume 3, H. 3. Halle, 1900; ninth edition, 1908 – On the physiological idiocy of women.
- Beiträge zur Lehre von den Geschlechtsunterschieden. Halle, 1903–1904 – Contributions to the theory of gender differences.
- Im Grenzlande. Aufsätze über Sachen des Glaubens. Leipzig, 1905 – In the Borderlands; Essays on matters of faith.[8]
References
- ^ ISBN 9780195159387.
- ^ "Der Mathematische Monatskalender: August Ferdinand Möbius (1790–1868)". www.spektrum.de (in German). Retrieved 2021-05-04.
Aus seiner Ehe mit Dorothea Rothe gehen drei Kinder hervor. Einer seiner Enkel, Paul Julius Möbius, Nervenarzt und Privatdozent in Leipzig,
His marriage to Dorothea Rothe produced three children. One of his grandchildren, Paul Julius Möbius, [was] a neurologist and private lecturer in Leipzig, [...]
- MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. p. 4. Retrieved 2021-05-04.
One of his grandchildren, PAUL JULIUS MÖBIUS, a neurologist and lecturer in Leipzig, made important contributions to mental disorders.
- ^ Boston medical and surgical journal, Volume 156, Issue 1 by Massachusetts Medical Society, New England Surgical Society
- ^ Free Dictionary Möbius sign
- ISBN 9781453502211.
- ^ Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics
- Who Named It
External links
- Paul Julius Möbius @ Who Named It
- Steinberg H (January 2004). "Zum 150. Geburtstag von Paul Julius Möbius (1853–1907)" [On the 150th birthday of Paul Julius Möbius (1853-1907)]. Der Nervenarzt (in German). 75 (1): 97–100. S2CID 35430576.