Paulists
Paulists, or Paulines, is the name used for
Other congregations, such as the Barnabites, and the Piarists, were established under the patronage of Paul the Apostle. The Order of Minims (or Paulaner Order) was founded by Francis of Paola.
Male congregations
Congregations divided according to gender. Male and female congregations each had distinct characteristics.
Order of Saint Paul, the first hermit
This monastic Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit was founded in 1215 in Hungary. The founder was Eusebius of Esztergom, who united the hermits of Hungary in monasteries under the patronage of Paul the Hermit.
The order spread throughout Hungary and then into Croatia, Germany, Poland, Austria and Bohemia. At one time, over 5000 Pauline monks lived in Hungary alone.
A significant event in the order's history took place in 1382 when it became the custodian of the miraculous picture of The Black Madonna, believed to be painted by Luke the Evangelist. Legend says the icon was brought to Poland by Prince Ladislaus from a castle at Beiz, Russia. He invited the monks to come from Hungary into Poland. The monks established a shrine for the image in the town of Częstochowa. Today this shrine is the motherhouse of the order, and is also the largest monastery, with over 100 monks. About 500 members of the order remain.
Most of the order's monasteries are located in Poland. Other monasteries and shrines survive in Germany, Slovakia, Croatia, Ukraine, Belarus, Hungary, Italy, United States of America and South Africa.[2]
Hermits of Saint Paul of France
They are also called Brothers of Death. Controversy swirls around the origin of this congregation, but it was probably founded about 1620 by Guillaume Callier, whose constitutions for it were approved by
The two classes of monasteries were those in the cities, obliged to maintain at least twelve members, who visited the poor, the sick, and prisoners, attended those condemned to death, and buried the dead; and those outside the city, which were separate cells in which solitaries lived. The community assembled weekly for choir and monthly to confess their sins. Severe fasts and disciplines were prescribed. The name Brothers of Death originated from the fact that the thought of death was constantly before the followers. At their profession the prayers for the dead were recited; their
Hermits of Saint Paul of Portugal
Among the conflicting accounts of the foundation of this congregation, the most credible is that it was established about 1420 by Mendo Gomez, a nobleman of Simbria, who resigned military laurels to retire in solitude near Setúbal, where he built an oratory and gave himself up to prayer and penance, gradually assuming the leadership of other nearby hermits.
Later, a community of hermits of the
At the chapter held after the death of the founder (24 January 1481), constitutions were drawn up, later approved, with alterations, by
This congregation was later suppressed. Probably the most celebrated member was Antonius a Matre Dei, author of Apis Libani, a commentary on the Proverbs of Solomon.
Female congregations
Blind Sisters of Saint Paul
The Blind Sisters were founded in Paris in 1852, by Abel-François Villemain (d. 1870),[3] Anne Bergunion (d. 1863), and Jugé. Its mission is to enable blind women to lead a religious life, and to facilitate the training of blind children in useful occupations. A home was established for blind women and girls with defective sight.
Sisters of Saint Paul of Chartres
The Sisters were formerly known as "Daughters of the School." In 1696, the congregation was founded by Louis Chauvet, parish priest of Levesville-la-Chenard,[4] a village in the region of Beauce, some 60 miles southeast of Paris.
Marie Anne de Tilly, a member of the first community of three Sisters, prepared her companions for their mission: to instruct the daughters of farm laborers, to teach poor village girls, to visit the poor and the sick and to serve in the hospitals in small communities of two or three sisters. As early as 1708, Chauvet entrusted the growing community of the School Sisters to
There were no lay-sisters. Every sister must be prepared to undertake any kind of work. The postulancy lasts from six to nine months, the novitiate two years, after which the sisters take vows annually for five years, and then perpetual vows.
The congregation was dispersed under the Commune at the French Revolution, but it was restored by Napoleon I. He gave the sisters a monastery at Chartres, which originally belonged to the Jacobins, from which they became known as "Les Soeurs de St. Jacques".
After its revival the congregation numbered 1200 sisters and over 100 houses in England,
They settled in England in 1847 at the invitation of
Guided by the motto of the congregation, Caritas Christi Urget Nos (The Charity of Christ Urges Us), at present, some 4000 Sisters of Saint Paul of Chartres work in 34 countries.[5][6]
References
- ^ a b c McGahan, Florence. "Paulists." The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol. 11. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. June 14, 2019 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Dembicki, Andrew Joachim (1999). "Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit "The Pauline Fathers"". "Penrose Park" NSW Australia. Archived from the original on 1 March 2010. Retrieved 4 February 2011.
- ^ Gino Todisco (1983), Note e ricerce su Abel-François Villemain, Cassino, Frosinone: S. Benedetto.
- ^ "Fr. Louis Chauvet", Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres, Generalate, Rome
- ^ "The Sisters of Saint Paul of Chartres". www.spcspr.edu.hk. Retrieved 2015-01-25.
- ^ "Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres Generalate Rome". www.stpaulrome.com. Archived from the original on 2014-12-08.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Paulists". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
Further reading
Gino Todisco (1983), Note e ricerche su Abel-François Villemain, Cassino, Frosinone: S. Benedetto.
External links
- Official website
- USA official website
- National Shrine of Our Lady of Częstochowa (a Paulist church and retreat house in the United States) official website (see also: National Shrine of Our Lady of Czestochowa)